Title:Effects of Nutrients and Exercises to Attenuate Oxidative Stress and Prevent Cardiovascular Disease
Volume: 24
Issue: 40
Author(s): Mario F. Neves*, Michelle R. Cunha and Tainah de Paula
Affiliation:
- Department of Clinical Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro - Ave.Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 77 room 329 - Vila Isabel - PC: 20551-030 - Rio de Janeiro,Brazil
Keywords:
Antioxidant nutrients, flavonoids, exercise, interval training, vascular aging, cardiovascular disease.
Abstract: Background: In recent years, it has become more evident that oxidative stress is involved in the development
of cardiovascular disease. Indeed, reactive oxygen species seems to be the common mechanism for endothelial
dysfunction, vascular inflammation and arterial stiffness, resulting in a blood pressure increase and early
vascular aging.
Methods: This review presents the potential role of antioxidant nutrients and exercise for cardiovascular protection.
Results: Flavonoids, vitamins and minerals present in some fruits and foliage are considered natural antioxidants.
In fact, fruits and vegetables contain large amounts of antioxidants. Several clinical trials have extensively studied
vitamin E, beta-carotene, vitamin C, polyphenols, plus selenium and zinc. In addition, many authors have been
carried out clinical trials to evaluate the mechanisms of oxidative stress attenuation after exercise. Exercise responses
may vary according to the Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type (FITT) principle, making it difficult to
obtain a consensus concerning the exercise properties and redox status. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has
been reported as an efficient option for metabolic adaptations in a short time. Aerobic exercises must be performed
at least three times a week, for two months or more, using moderate to vigorous intensity to promote a
positive effect on oxidative stress and vascular function.
Conclusion: The recognition of appropriate nutrients and exercise with antioxidant properties may be an important
supportive approach to impair early vascular aging and to prevent cardiovascular disease.
