Title:Association between Paraoxonase 1(PON1) Gene Polymorphisms and PON1 Enzyme Activity in Indian Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Author(s): Renuka Munshi*, Falguni Panchal, Ajay Chaurasia and Girish Rajadhyaksha
Affiliation:
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Dr. AR Nair Road, Mumbai Central, Mumbai,India
Keywords:
PON1 Q192R, PON1 L55M, PON activity, CAD, Lipid markers, Indians.
Abstract: Background: Paraoxonase is a calcium dependent enzyme which is bound to
high density lipoprotein and acts primarily by inhibiting low density lipoprotein oxidation.
Its activity is modulated by PON1 polymorphism.
Objective: In the present case control study we determined the genotype frequencies of
PON1 Q192R and L55M in Indian population and the association between PON activity
and lipid markers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: 635 angiographically proven CAD patients from Cardiology & Medicine OPDs
of our hospital and 635 age- matched controls were enrolled. Paraoxonase gene polymorphisms
were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Allele frequencies were compared in both patients
and controls using Chi-square test. Serum PON1activity towards PON substrates, lipid
profile and apolipoprotein A1 was analyzed.
Results: Variant allele frequency of R & M in controls and patients was 28% & 37% and
20% & 21% respectively. Phenotypically, Paraoxonase activity was significantly lower in
CAD patients as compared to controls, whereas, genotypically, PONase activity was low
in all three genotypes in comparison to controls for PON1 polymorphisms. PON1 activity
correlated positively with HDLCholesterol and Apo ‘a’ levels (r=0.38 and 0.38).
PON1Q192R showed a significantly higher risk for CAD between patients and controls
[OR =2.40; CI: 1.58-3.64] for the RR genotype. However, PON1L55M did not show any
significant difference between patients and controls. Subgroup analysis showed a significant
difference in PON activity and lipid markers between smokers and non-smokers,
however, there was no difference among alcoholics & non-alcoholics.
Conclusion: The study shows that the PON1-192R allele is strongly associated with CAD
patients and affects serum PON1 activity toward paraoxon, implying a higher likelihood
of development and/or progression of CAD among Indians.
