Title:Alternative Routes of Administration of the Neuroprotective Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide
Volume: 24
Issue: 33
Author(s): Dora Reglodi*, Tamas Atlasz, Adel Jungling, Edina Szabo, Petra Kovari, Sridharan Manavalan and Andrea Tamas
Affiliation:
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pecs Medical School, Pecs,Hungary
Keywords:
Intracerebroventricular, intravenous, intranasal, topical, intravitreal, Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP).
Abstract: Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with diverse actions,
including strong neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. The aim of our present review is to provide a summary
of the different approaches how in vivo neuroprotective effects can be achieved, emphasizing the potential translational
values for future therapeutic applications. In the central nervous system, PACAP has been shown to have
in vivo protective effects in models of cerebral ischemia, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington chorea,
traumatic brain and spinal cord injury and different retinal pathologies. PACAP passes through the bloodbrain
barrier and therefore, systemic administration can affect the nervous system and lead to neuroprotective
effects. This review summarizes results obtained in neuronal injury studies via local, such as intracerebral, intrathecal,
intracerebroventricular, intravitreal and systemic treatments, such as intravenous, intraperitoneal and
subcutaneous administration of PACAP. A few other options are summarized, like intranasal and eye drops
treatments, as well as difficulties and side effects of different treatments are also discussed.
