Title:Neuroregeneration in Parkinson’s Disease: From Proteins to Small Molecules
Volume: 17
Issue: 3
Author(s): Yulia A. Sidorova*, Konstantin P. Volcho*Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
Affiliation:
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,Finland
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk,Russian Federation
Keywords:
Neurorestoration, neuroprotection, Parkinson's disease, neurotrophic factors, GDNF, dopamine neurons, RET agonists,
Trk agonists, BDNF, GDNF mimetics, BDNF mimetics.
Abstract: Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative
disorder worldwide, the lifetime risk of developing this disease is 1.5%. Motor diagnostic symptoms
of PD are caused by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. There is no cure for PD
and current therapy is limited to supportive care that partially alleviates disease signs and symptoms.
As diagnostic symptoms of PD result from progressive degeneration of dopamine neurons,
drugs restoring these neurons may significantly improve treatment of PD.
Method: A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases
to discuss the progress achieved in the development of neuroregenerative agents for PD. Papers
published before early 2018 were taken into account.
Results: Here, we review several groups of potential agents capable of protecting and restoring
dopamine neurons in cultures or animal models of PD including neurotrophic factors and small
molecular weight compounds.
Conclusion: Despite the promising results of in vitro and in vivo experiments, none of the found
agents have yet shown conclusive neurorestorative properties in PD patients. Meanwhile, a few
promising biologicals and small molecules have been identified. Their further clinical development
can eventually give rise to disease-modifying drugs for PD. Thus, intensive research in the field is
justified.