Title:Endothelial Progenitor Cells as Molecular Targets in Vascular Senescence and Repair
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Author(s): Divya Rana, Ajay Kumar and Saurabh Sharma*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical and Allied Medical Sciences, CT University, Ferozepur Road, Ludhiana, Punjab,India
Keywords:
Circulating blood cells, cell markers, cell therapy, vascular repair, CD34, EPCs.
Abstract: Endothelial progenitor cells are circulating blood cells derived from various sources like
bone marrow, spleen, umbilical cord, liver, kidney and other sources that play a vital role in the regeneration
of the endothelial lining of blood vessels and wound repair. There are two types of EPCs, early
EPCs and late EPCs. EPCs are believed to originate from hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal
stem cells. The mobilization of progenitor cells from bone marrow to the peripheral circulation is
highly regulated under both normal physiological conditions and stress. EPCs contribute to neovascularization
and tissue repair in the musculoskeletal, neural tissues and the bone which are mobilized and
recruited to the injured tissue. Cell-based therapies of endothelial progenitor cells are time-consuming
and expensive for performing in-vitro cell expansion procedures. New therapeutic approaches are being
developed using animal models based on the specific functions of EPC in in-vitro and in-vivo experiments
which have revealed the importance of various signalling pathways. It has been clear that
the activation state of EPCs is critical to the vessel repair process and the role has not been completely
understood.
