Title:Protective Effects of Diuretics Against the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Author(s): Akinori Aomatsu, Susumu Ookawara, Kenichi Ishibashi and Yoshiyuki Morishita*
Affiliation:
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama,Japan
Keywords:
Diuretics, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, spironolactone, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, dialysis.
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important risk factors for mortality and morbidity
in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This systematic review focuses on the protective effects
of diuretics against the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD. Among various
kinds of diuretics, spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has been shown to have
protective effects against cardiovascular disease in patients with all stages of CKD, including predialysis,
hemodialysis, and peritoneal dialysis. Low-dose loop diuretics have also been shown to have
cardioprotective effects in patients with CKD during the pre-dialysis and hemodialysis stages; however,
high-dose loop diuretics have failed to show these cardioprotective effects. The protective effects of
other classes of diuretics, including thiazide and tolvaptan, against cardiovascular diseases in patients
with CKD remain unclear.
