[1]
Hadjivassiliou M, Martindale J, Shanmugarajah P, et al. Causes of progressive cerebellar ataxia: Prospective evaluation of 1500 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88(4): 301-9. [doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314863].
[2]
Hadjivassiliou M. Primary autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (PACA). Adv Clin Neurosci Rehabil 2010; 9: 8-11.
[3]
Hadjivassiliou M, Grunewald RA, Chattopadhyay AK, et al. Clinical, radiological, neurophysiological and neuropathological characteristics of gluten ataxia. The Lancet 1998; 352: 1582-5.
[4]
Sarrigiannis PG, Hoggard N, Aeschlimann D, et al. Myoclonus ataxia and refractory coeliac disease. Cerebellum & Ataxias 2014; 1(1): 11.
[5]
Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DS, Grunewald RA, Woodroofe N, Boscolo S, Aeschlimann D. Gluten sensitivity: from gut to brain. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 318-30.
[6]
Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DS, Aeschlimann D. The neuroimmunology of gluten intolerance. In:Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology Springer, Cham. 2016; pp. 263-85.
[7]
Hadjivassiliou M, Grünewald RA, Sanders DS, Shanmugarajah P, Hoggard N. Effect of gluten-free diet on cerebellar MR spectroscopy in gluten ataxia. Neurology 2017; 89(7): 705-9.
[8]
Beversdorf D, Moses P, Reeves A, et al. A man with weight loss, ataxia, and confusion for 3 months. The Lancet 1996; 347: 448.
[9]
Hahn JS, Sum JM, Bass D, et al. Celiac disease presenting as gait disturbance and ataxia in infancy. J Child Neurol 1998; 13: 351-3.
[10]
Pellecchia MT, Scala R, Perretti A. Cerebellar ataxia associated with subclinical celiac disease responding to gluten-free diet. Neurology 1999; 53: 1606-7.
[11]
Sander HW, Magda P, Chin RL, et al. Cerebellar ataxia and celiac disease. The Lancet 2003; 362: 1548.
[12]
Bürk K, Melms A, Schulz JB. Effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in cerebellar ataxia associated with gluten sensitivity. Ann Neurol 2001; 50: 827-8.
[13]
Souayah N, Chin RL, Brannagan TH, Latov N, Green PHR, Kokoszka A. Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin on cerebellar ataxia and neuropathic pain associated with celiac disease. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15: 1300-3.
[14]
Nanri K, Okita M, Takeguchi M, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for autoantibody-positive cerebellar ataxia. Intern Med Tokyo Jpn 2009; 48: 783-90.
[15]
Hadjivassiliou M, Davies-Jones GAB, Sanders DS, et al. Dietary treatment of gluten ataxia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74(9): 1221-4.
[16]
Hadjivassiliou M, Rao DG, Grunewald RA, et al. Neurological dysfunction in coeliac disease and non-coeliac gluten sensitivity. Am J Gastroenterol 2016; 111(4): 561.
[17]
Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DS, Aeschlimann DP. Gluten-related disorders: Gluten ataxia. Dig Dis 2015; 33: 264-8.
[18]
Hadjivassiliou M, Aeschlimann P, Sanders DS, et al. Transglutaminase 6 antibodies in the diagnosis of gluten ataxia. Neurology 2013; 80: 1-6.
[19]
Hadjivassiliou M. Cerebellum and immune diseases. In: M Manto, Ed.. Handbook of cerebellum and cerebellar disorders. Springer 2013; pp. 1-2424.
[20]
Lu CS, Thompson PD, Quinn NP, et al. Ramsay Hunt syndrome and celiac disease: A new association? Mov Disord 1986; 1: 209-19.
[21]
Dalmau J, Rosenfeld MR. Paraneoplastic syndromes of the CNS. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7: 327-40.
[22]
Hadjivassiliou M, Alder SJ, Van Beek EJR, et al. PET scan in clinically suspected paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: a six year prospective study in a regional neuroscience unit. Acta Neurol Scand 2009; 119: 186-93.
[23]
Dropcho EJ. Principles of paraneoplastic syndromes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 841: 246-61.
[24]
Candler PM, Hart PE, Barnett M, Weil R, Ress JH. A follow up study of patients with paraneoplastic neurological disease in the United Kingdom. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75: 1411-5.
[25]
Keime-Guibert F, Graus F, Fleury A, et al. Treatment of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with antineuronal antibodies (Anti-Hu, Anti-Yo) with a combination of immunoglobulins, cyclophosphamide, and methylprednisolone. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000; 68: 479-82.
[26]
Peterson K, Rosenblum MK, Kotanides H, Posner JB. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. IA clinical analysis of 55 anti-Yo antibody-positive patients. Neurology 1992; 42: 1931-7.
[27]
Rojas I, Graus F, Keime-Guibert F, et al. Long-term clinical outcome of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti-Yo antibodies. Neurology 2000; 55: 713-5.
[28]
Shams’ili S, Grefkens J, De Leeuw B, et al. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with antineuronal antibodies: analysis of 50 patients. Brain 2003; 126(Pt 6): 1409-18.
[29]
Venkatraman A, Opal P. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with anti-Yo antibodies - a review. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2016; 3: 655-63.
[30]
Briani C, Vitaliani R, Grisold W, et al. Spectrum of paraneoplastic disease associated with lymphoma. Neurology 2011; 76: 705-10.
[31]
Greenlee JE. Treatment of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2013; 15: 185-200.
[32]
Kerr Dib. Ong J. GABA receptors. Pharmacol Ther 1995; 67: 187-246.
[33]
Ellis TM, Atkinson MA. The clinical significance of an autoimmune response against glutamic acid decarboxylase. Nat Med 1996; 2: 148-53.
[34]
Solimena M, Piccolo G, Martino G. Autoantibodies directed against gabaminergic nerve terminals in a patient with idiopathic late-onset cerebellar ataxia and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Clin Neuropathol 1998; 7(Suppl.): 211.
[35]
Honnorat J, Saiz A, Giometto B, et al. Cerebellar ataxia with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. Arch Neurol 2001; 58: 225-30.
[36]
Lilleker JB, Biswas V, Mohanraj R. Glutamic acid secarboxylase (GAD) antibodies in epilepsy: Diagnostic yield and therapeutic implications. Seizure 2014; 23: 598-602.
[37]
Arino H, Gresa-Arribas N, Blanco Y, et al. Cerebellar ataxia and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies; immune profile and long-term effect of immunotherapy. JAMA Neurol 2014; 71(8): 1009-16.
[38]
Mitoma H, Manto M, Hampe CS. Pathogenic roles of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies in cerebellar ataxias. J Immunolog Research 2017. 2017.
[39]
Hadjivassiliou M, Boscolo S, Tongiorgi E, et al. Cerebellar ataxia as a possible organ specific autoimmune disease. Mov Disord 2008; 23(10): 1270-377.
[40]
Pugliese A, Solimena M, Awdeh ZL, et al. Association of HLA-DQB1 0201 with stiff-man syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993; 77: 1550-3.
[41]
Serjeantson SW, Court J, Mackay IR, et al. HLA-DQ genotypes are associated with autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Hum Immunol 1993; 38: 97-104.
[42]
Segni M, Pani MA, Pasquino AM, et al. Familial clustering of juvenile thyroid autoimmunity: Higher risk is conferred by human leukocyte antigen DR3-DQ2 and thuroid peroxidase antibody status in fathers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 3779-82.
[43]
Eisenbarth GS, Gottlieb PA. Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 2068-79.
[44]
Selim M, Drachman DA. Ataxia associated with Hashimoto’s disease: Progressive non-familial adult onset cerebellar degeneration with autoimmune thyroiditis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001; 71: 81-7.
[45]
Wong S, Pollock AN, Burnham JM, et al. Acute cerebellar ataxia due to Sjogren’s syndrome. Neurol 2004; 62: 2332-3.
[46]
Trivedi R, Mundanthanam G, Amyes E, et al. Autoantibody screening in subacute cerebellar ataxia. Lancet 2000; 356: 565-6.
[47]
Zuliani L, Sabater L, Saiz A, et al. Homer 3 autoimmunity in subacute idiopathic cerebellar ataxia. Neurol 2007; 68: 239-40.
[48]
Shiihara T, Kato M, Konno A, et al. Acute cerebellar ataxia and consecutive cerebellitis produced by glutamate receptor ∂ 2 autoantibody. Brain Dev 2007; 29: 254-6.
[49]
Bürk K, Wick M, Roth G, et al. Antineuronal antibodies in sporadic late-onset cerebellar ataxia. J Neurol 2010; 257: 59-62.
[50]
Jarius S, Wandinger KP, Horn S, et al. A new Purkinje cell antibody associated with subacute cerebellar ataxia: Immunological characterisation. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7: 21.
[51]
Mitoma H, Hadjivassiliou M, Honnorat J. Guidelines for the treatment of immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias. Cerebellum Ataxias 2015; 2: 14.
[52]
Mitoma H, Adhikari K, Aeschlimann D, et al. Consensus paper: neuroimmune mechanisms of cerebellar ataxia. Cerebellum 2016; 15(2): 213-32.
[53]
Takeguchi M, Nanri K, Okita M, et al. Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin for slowly progressive cerebellar atrophy. Rinsho Shinkeigaku (Japanese) 2006; 46: 467-74.
[54]
Jones AL, Flanagan EP, Pittock SJ, et al. Responses to and outcomes of treatment of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia in adults. JAMA Neurol 2015; 72: 1304-12.
[55]
Pang KK, De Sousa C, Lang B, et al. A prospective study of the presentation and management of dancing eye syndrome/ opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome in the UK. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2009; 14: 156-61.
[56]
Deconinck N, Scaillon M, Segers V, et al. Opsoclonus-myoclonus associated with celiac disease. Pediatr Neurol 2006; 34: 312-4.
[57]
Bataller L, Graus F, Saiz A, Vilchez JJ. Clinical outcome in adult onset idiopathic or paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus. Brain 2001; 124: 437-43.
[58]
Klaas JP, Ahiskog JE, Pittock SJ, et al. Adult onset opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Arch Neurol 2012; 69: 1598.
[59]
Pranzatelli MR, Travelstead BS, Tate ED, et al. B and T-cell markers in opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Neurology 2004; 62: 1526-32.
[60]
Pranzatelli MR, Tate ED, Swan JA, et al. B cell depletion therapy for new-onset opsoclonus myolconus. Mov Disord 2010; 25: 238-42.
