Title:Potential Medications or Compounds Acting on Toll-like Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Author(s): Man Li*, Jing Liu, Ying Bi , Jixiang Chen and Lei Zhao*
Affiliation:
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022,China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan,China
Keywords:
Toll-like receptors, cerebral ischemia, inflammation, MyD88, TRIF, medication, compound.
Abstract: Background: Toll-like receptors play an integral role in the process of inflammatory
response after ischemic injury. The therapeutic potential acting on TLRs is worth of evaluations.
The aim of this review was to introduce readers some potential medications or compounds which
could alleviate the ischemic damage via TLRs.
Methods: Research articles online on TLRs were reviewed. Categorizations were listed according
to the follows, methods acting on TLRs directly, modulations of MyD88 or TRIF signaling pathway,
and the ischemic tolerance induced by the preconditioning or postconditioning with TLR
ligands or minor cerebral ischemia via acting on TLRs.
Results: There are only a few studies concerning on direct effects. Anti-TLR4 or anti-TLR2 therapies
may serve as promising strategies in acute events. Approaches targeting on inhibiting NF-κB
signaling pathway and enhancing interferon regulatory factor dependent signaling have attracted
great interests. Not only drugs but compounds extracted from traditional Chinese medicine have
been used to identify their neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia. In addition, many researchers
have reported the positive therapeutic effects of preconditioning with agonists of TLR2, 3,
4, 7 and 9. Several trails have also explored the potential of postconditioning, which provide a new
idea in ischemic treatments. Considering all the evidence above, many drugs and new compounds
may have great potential to reduce ischemic insults.
Conclusion: This review will focus on promising therapies which exerting neuroprotective effects
against ischemic injury by acting on TLRs.
