Title:Management of Incidental Findings in the Era of Next-generation Sequencing
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Author(s): Heather L. Blackburn, Bradley Schroeder, Clesson Turner, Craig D. Shriver, Darrell L. Ellsworth and Rachel E. Ellsworth
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Incidental findings, Next-generation sequencing, Disclosure, ACMG.
Abstract: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies allow for the generation of whole exome
or whole genome sequencing data, which can be used to identify novel genetic alterations associated
with defined phenotypes or to expedite discovery of functional variants for improved patient care. Because
this robust technology has the ability to identify all mutations within a genome, incidental findings
(IF)- genetic alterations associated with conditions or diseases unrelated to the patient’s present
condition for which current tests are being performed- may have important clinical ramifications. The
current debate among genetic scientists and clinicians focuses on the following questions: 1) should any IF be disclosed to
patients, and 2) which IF should be disclosed – actionable mutations, variants of unknown significance, or all IF? Policies
for disclosure of IF are being developed for when and how to convey these findings and whether adults, minors, or individuals
unable to provide consent have the right to refuse receipt of IF. In this review, we detail current NGS technology
platforms, discuss pressing issues regarding disclosure of IF, and how IF are currently being handled in prenatal, pediatric,
and adult patients.
