Title:Nanofibers Based Antibacterial Drug Design, Delivery and Applications
Volume: 21
Issue: 15
Author(s): Kezban Ulubayram, Semih Calamak, Reza Shahbazi and Ipek Eroglu
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Antimicrobial agents, nanofibers, electrospinning, nanodecorated fiber, fiber design, drug delivery.
Abstract: Infections caused by microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, etc. are the main obstacle in healing processes.
Conventional antibacterial administration routes can be listed as oral, intravenous/intramuscular, topical and inhalation.
These kinds of drug administrations are faced with critical vital issues such as; more rapid delivery of the
drug than intended which can result in bacterial resistance, dose related systemic toxicity, tissue irritation and finally
delayed healing process that need to be tackled. Recently, studies have been focused on new drug delivery
systems, overcoming resistance and toxicological problems and finally localizing the molecules at the site of action
in a proper dose. In this regard, many nanotechnological approaches such as nanoparticulate therapeutic systems
have been developed to address accompanying problems mentioned above. Among them, drug loaded electrospun
nanofibers propose main advantages like controlled drug delivery, high drug loading capacity, high encapsulation efficiency, simultaneous
delivery of multiple drugs, ease of production and cost effectiveness for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Therefore,
some particular attention has been devoted to the design of electrospun nanofibers as promising antibacterial drug carrier systems. A variety
of antibacterials e.g., biocides, antibiotics, quaternary ammonium salts, triclosan, metallic nanoparticles (silver, titanium dioxide,
and zinc oxide) and antibacterial polymers (chitosan, polyethyleneimine, etc.) have been impregnated by various techniques into nanofibers
that exhibit strong antibacterial activity in standard assays. This review highlights the design and delivery of antibacterial drug
loaded nanofibers with particular focus on their function in the fields of drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, cosmetics and
other biomedical applications.
