Title:Transmembrane Phosphatases and Cancer Development, the Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-kappa (PTPκ) and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-mu (PTPμ)
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Author(s): Ping-Hui Sun, Lin Ye, Malcolm D D. Mason and Wen G. Jiang
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Cancer, motility, proliferation, protein tyrosine phosphatases, PTPRK, PTPRM and signal transductions.
Abstract: Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are important in the regulation of diverse cellular functions including
proliferation, migration and invasion; aberration of these cellular events is crucial for the development and progression of
cancer. PTPs family comprises of two groups, classic PTPs and dual specificity phosphatases. The classic PTPs include
both non-transmembrane PTPs and transmembrane receptor-like PTPs (RPTPs). RPTPs are composed of extracellular
regions, transmembrane domains and intracellular phosphatase domains. The extracellular regions of RPTPs are similar
to cell adhesion molecules and can interact homophilically and heterophilically. There are eight subgroups in the
RPTPs separated according to the differences in their extracellular regions. PTPRK and PTPRM belong to the R2B
subfamily of RPTPs and both perform homophilic interactions and regulate cell-cell aggregation and adhesion.
Furthermore, both PTPRK and PTPRM can interact with the catenin/cadherin complex to regulate cell proliferation and
migration. The current review discusses the present knowledge on RPTPs and their potential implication in the
development and progression of cancer.
