Title:MicroRNA Dysregulation in Gastric Cancer
Volume: 19
Issue: 7
Author(s): Hung-Wei Pan, Sung-Chou Li and Kuo-Wang Tsai
Affiliation:
Keywords:
microRNA, gastric cancer, next-generation sequencing (NGS), Epigenetic, prognostic signature, genetic dysregulation, proto-oncogenes, apoptosis, diagnosis, therapy
Abstract: Gastric carcinogenesis is a complex multistep process involving genetic dysregulation of proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor
genes, and has recently entered the era of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that posttranscriptionally
regulate gene expression and control various cellular functions. MicroRNAs are small (approximately 22 nucleotides)
non-coding RNAs that play fundamental roles in diverse biological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation,
apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs have been revealed to be involved in various stages of cancer development, showing that
abnormal miRNA expressions play critical roles in modulating expression of known oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes during cancer
progression. Therefore, microRNAs can perform the function of onco-miRs or tumor-suppressor-miRs in gastric carcinogenesis. This review
summarizes a current understanding of the connection between miRNAs and gastric cancer. Additionally, this paper outlines the
applications of miRNAs in clinical practice, such as diagnosis, prognosis, detection, and therapy of gastric cancer.
