Title:Differential Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinases, A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases, and a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases with Thrombospondin Motifs and their Endogenous Inhibitors Among Histologic Subtypes of Lung Cancers
Volume: 12
Issue: 7
Author(s): Yasuhiro Hida and Jun-ichi Hamada
Affiliation:
Keywords:
ADAM, ADAMTS, Adenocarcinoma, Lung cancer, Metalloproteinase, MMP, RECK, Squamous cell carcinoma, TIMP, matrix metalloproteinases, disintegrin, thrombospondin, endogenous inhibitors, F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, cysteine-rich protein.
Abstract: Lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease with several histologic subtypes. The two major pathologies, which account for
approximately 70% of lung cancers, are adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SQ). Traditionally, these two subtypes
have been categorized as non-small-cell lung cancer and treated similarly. However, they are different not only pathologically, but also
functionally. For example, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), which assesses glucose metabolism in
tumor tissues, shows that SQ has higher glucose metabolism than does AD.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors play pleiotropic roles in cancer development, carcinogenesis, apoptosis,
angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Expression of MMPs and their associated molecules is different among the subtypes of lung
cancer. Expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-7, reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK), tissue inhibitors of
metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and TIMP-2 are higher in AD than in SQ. In contrast, expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-9 and
TIMP-3 are higher in SQ than in AD.
Serum levels of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)-8 and ADAM-28 are higher in lung cancer patients than in healthy
controls. High expression of ADAM-28 correlates with metastasis and recurrence, but there is no significant difference in ADAM-8 or
ADAM-28 expression between AD and SQ.
It is necessary to recognize the differential expression patterns of MMPs, their endogenous inhibitors and associated molecules for each
subtype of lung cancer in order to develop clinical markers, therapeutic inhibitors and treatment strategies using MMP inhibitors.
