Title:Single Cell Genomics of the Brain: Focus on Neuronal Diversity and Neuropsychiatric Diseases
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Author(s): Ivan Y Iourov, Svetlana G Vorsanova and Yuri B Yurov
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Aneuploidy, Brain, Chromosome instability, Disease, Epigenome, Genomic variations, Single cell genomics,
Somatic mosaicism, epigenome
Abstract: Single cell genomics has made increasingly significant contributions to our understanding of the role that somatic
genome variations play in human neuronal diversity and brain diseases. Studying intercellular genome and epigenome
variations has provided new clues to the delineation of molecular mechanisms that regulate development, function
and plasticity of the human central nervous system (CNS). It has been shown that changes of genomic content and epigenetic
profiling at single cell level are involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, mental retardation
(intellectual/leaning disability), autism, Alzheimer’s disease etc.). Additionally, several brain diseases were
found to be associated with genome and chromosome instability (copy number variations, aneuploidy) variably affecting
cell populations of the human CNS. The present review focuses on the latest advances of single cell genomics, which have
led to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of neuronal diversity and neuropsychiatric diseases, in the light of
dynamically developing fields of systems biology and “omics”.
