Title: Role of Chromatography for Monitoring of Breast Cancer Biomarkers
Volume: 1
Issue: 1
Author(s): Imran Ali, Zeid A. Al-Othman, Kishwar Saleem, Afzal Hussain and Iqbal Hussain
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Breast cancer, biomarkers, chromatography, identification of breast cancer by biomarkers, nucleotide polymorphism, proteomics p, prostate-specific antigen, estrogen receptor, Human Kallikrein 14, progesterone receptor, Galectin-3-binding protein, alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin, Elafin, CA15.3, CEA, CA27.29, Her-2/neu, AAG, GCDFP-15, GCDFP-24, metabolites, nano-HPLC, LC-MS, DPHPLC, mammography, ultrasound, MRI, CT scan, PET scan, invasive technique, biopsies, immunohistochemistry, IHC, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA, two dimensional gel, fluorescence, FISH, polymerase chain reaction, PCR, real-time poly-merase chain, RT-PCR, matrix-associated laser, MALDI-TOF-MS, SELDI-TOF-MS, liquid chromatography, nipple aspirated fluid, Gas Chromatography
Abstract: An early detection of cancer may provide the best eradicable treatment, hence, detection methods play a crucial role in cancer treatment. This article describes the role of chromatography for the separation and identification of breast cancer biomarkers. Biomarkers provide an assessment of prognosis, monitoring the effectiveness of therapy and predicting cancer reoccurrence. The important biomarkers of breast cancer detected by chromatography are genetic (single nucleotide polymorphism), proteomics (prostate-specific antigen, estrogen receptor, Human Kallikrein 14, progesterone receptor, Galectin-3-binding protein, alpha-1- Antichymotrypsin, Elafin, CA15.3, CEA, CA27.29, Her-2/neu, AAG, GCDFP-15 and GCDFP-24 etc.), metabolites (glucose, cholesterol, carbohydrate antigen 15-3, etc.) and breathing agents (2-propanol, 2, 3-dihydro-1- phenyl-4(1H)-quinazolinone,1-phenyl-ethanone, heptanal, isopropyl myristate etc.). In view of these points, attempts have been made to discuss the state-of-art of chromatography for biomarkers detection in breast cancer patients. Some modern chromatographic techniques such as nano-HPLC, LC-MS and DPHPLC have been discussed. Besides, efforts have been made to discuss sensitivity, specificity and protein profiles of these biomarkers. The future perspectives of chromatography for cancer treatment and important patents have also been discussed.
