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Current Neuropharmacology

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ISSN (Online): 1875-6190

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Review Article

Symptomatic Treatment of Extrapyramidal Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders

Author(s): Gregory de Boer, Robertus Maria Alfonsius de Bie and Bart Erik Kris Sylvain Swinnen*

Volume 22, Issue 14, 2024

Published on: 20 May, 2024

Page: [2284 - 2297] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1570159X22666240517161444

Price: $65

Open Access Journals Promotions 2
Abstract

Extrapyramidal hyperkinetic movement disorders comprise a broad range of phenotypic phenomena, including chorea, dystonia, and tics. Treatment is generally challenging and individualized, given the overlapping phenomenology, limited evidence regarding efficacy, and concerns regarding the tolerability and safety of most treatments. Over the past decade, the treatment has become even more intricate due to advancements in the field of deep brain stimulation as well as optimized dopamine- depleting agents. Here, we review the current evidence for treatment modalities of extrapyramidal hyperkinetic movement disorders and provide a comprehensive and practical overview to aid the choice of therapy. Mechanism of action and practical intricacies of each treatment modality are discussed, focusing on dosing and adverse effect management. Finally, future therapeutic developments are also discussed.

Keywords: Extrapyramidal, hyperkinetic, movement disorders, treatment, neuropharmacology, medication, botulinum toxin, deep brain stimulation.

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