Title:Bioactive Compounds from Vicia sativa L. and Vicia monantha Retz. with
Unveiling Antiviral Potentials in Newly Green Synthesized CdO
Nanoparticles
Volume: 26
Issue: 4
Author(s): Alyaa Nasr*, Ezzat H Elshazly, Dalia F. Slima, Mohamed E. Elnosary, Ahmed M. Sadek, Mona Khamis, Yu Gong, Qian Tian, Gamal A. Gouda and Guo-Ping Zhu*
Affiliation:
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Key Laboratory of
Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University,
Shebin Elkoom, 32511, Menoufia, Egypt
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Key Laboratory of
Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
Keywords:
AdV, antiviral activity, Cd ONPs, flavonoids, HAV, HPLC, phenolic compounds, Vicia monantha, Vicia sativa.
Abstract:
Background: in the current study, a comparative phytochemical analysis was carried
out to explore the phenolic and flavonoid contents in the aerial parts of Vicia sativa L and Vicia
monantha Retz growing in cultivated, reclaimed, and desert habitats.
Methods:High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect Vicia methanolic
extracts' individual phenolic and flavonoid constituents. The first-time synthesis of cadmium
oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) using the aqueous extract of V. monantha has been developed
using a green approach. Also, the cytotoxicity of V. monantha extract and CdO NPs was examined
using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for unveiling
them as anti-HAV and anti-AdV.
Results: Our results indicated that in the case of desert habitat, the contents of total phenolics
(76.37 mg/g) and total flavonoids (65.23 mg/g) of V. monantha were higher than those of V.
sativa (67.35 mg/g and 47.34 mg/g, respectively) and the contents of these secondary metabolites
were even increased in V. monantha collected from reclaimed land (phenolics: 119.77 mg/g,
flavonoids: 88.61 mg/g). Also, V. monantha surpassed V. sativa in the contents of some individual
HPLC constituents, and hence, V. monantha was used to synthesize the green CdO NPs and
subsequent antiviral tests. The average size of CdO NPs was determined to be 24.28 nm, and the
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of CdO NPs clearly showed their spherical
form and varying particle sizes, with different diameters in the range of 19–29 nm. MTT assay
was positive to the exposure of CdO NPs in the normal cell line, proposing that CdO NPs can
reduce cell viability. V. monantha extract showed promising antiviral activity against Hepatitis A
virus (HAV) and Adenovirus (AdV) with SI of 16.40 and 10.54. On the other hand, CdO NPs
had poor antiviral activity against HAV with an SI of 4.74 and moderate antiviral activity against
AdV with an SI of 10.54.
Conclusion: V. monantha is now considered a new, valuable natural resource for phenolics and
flavonoids, especially when grown in reclaimed soil. The green CdO NPs based onV. monantha
extract showed a promising antiviral effect against HAV and AdV.
