Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Drug Therapy

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1574-8855
ISSN (Online): 2212-3903

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Role of Chronotherapy in the Management of Hypertension: An Overview

Author(s): Ritik Raj, Rupa Mazumder*, Rakhi Mishra, Rashmi Mishra and Dileep Singh Baghel

Volume 19, Issue 7, 2024

Published on: 01 February, 2024

Page: [794 - 808] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/0115748855278395240119063324

Price: $65

Open Access Journals Promotions 2
Abstract

The rise in age-adjusted mortality rates from hypertension and hypertensive diseases over the last several years suggests that hypertension is one of the main risk factors for heart disease. As a result, managing hypertension, both via preventive and therapeutic medicine, involves a heavy socioeconomic burden. This review paper's objective is to summarize information on chronotherapy techniques, which can make it possible for an active component to be distributed predictably and at a pace that may also minimize the patient’s illness symptoms. To incorporate published research and review papers, a comprehensive review of the literature from many sources during the past 25 years was conducted. This paper summarizes the principle and method of the chronotherapy technique. The review also throws light on different approaches that could be used to meet the need for medication for the hypertensive patient according to the circadian cycle. From the study, it was concluded that different formulation approaches are there that can work according to the principle of chronotherapy with improvement in drug bioavailability and patient compliance. To encourage future researchers to include chronotherapy in the creation of additional formulations, this review study intends to shed light on various benefits and methods of chronotherapy.

Keywords: Antihypertensives, chronotherapy, formulations, biomaterials, dosage form, hypertension.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Saini S. Yashwant. Chronotherapy: A review. Int J Drug Deliv Technol 2014; 4(3): 47-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.v4i3.8859]
[2]
Scully CG, Karaboué A, Liu WM, et al. Skin surface temperature rhythms as potential circadian biomarkers for personalized chronotherapeutics in cancer patients. Interface Focus 2011; 1(1): 48-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2010.0012] [PMID: 21544221]
[3]
Touitou Y, Bogdan A. Promoting adjustment of the sleep-wake cycle by chronobiotics. Physiol Behav 2007; 90(2-3): 294-300.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.001] [PMID: 17056076]
[4]
Sprouse J. Pharmacological modulation of circadian rhythms: A new drug target in psychotherapeutics. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2004; 8(1): 25-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14728222.8.1.25] [PMID: 14996616]
[5]
Ballesta A, Innominato PF, Dallmann R, Rand DA, Lévi FA. Systems chronotherapeutics. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 69(2): 161-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/pr.116.013441] [PMID: 28351863]
[6]
Sonjoy M, Thimmasetty J, Ratan GN, Kilarimath BH. Formulation and evaluation of carvedilol transdermal patches. Int Res J Pharm 2011; 2(1): 237-48.
[7]
Jamak VG, Ghosh B, Desai BG, Khanam J. Recent trends in transdermal cardiovascular therapy. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006; 68(5)
[8]
Rastogi V, Pragya PU. A brief view on antihypertensive drugs delivery through transdermal patches. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2012; 3(7): 1955.
[9]
Yang R, Tang J, Kuang M, Liu H. Analysis of prescription status of antihypertensive drugs in Chinese patients with hypertension based on real-world study. Ann Med 2023; 55(1): 276-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2022.2162113] [PMID: 36594446]
[10]
Sabhadinde AF, Panchale WA, Manwar JV, Bakal RL. Novel RP-HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of chlorthalidone and telmisartan from combined dosafge form. Ijppr Hum 2020; 20(1): 491-502.
[11]
de Oliveira M, Yoshida M, Silva D. Quality evaluation of pharmaceutical formulations containing hydrochlorothiazide. Molecules 2014; 19(10): 16824-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules191016824] [PMID: 25335110]
[12]
Núñez-Acevedo B, Domínguez-Ortega J, Rodríguez-Jiménez B, Kindelan-Recarte C, Pérez-Fernández MA. [Severe and rare adverse reaction to hydrochlorothiazide]. Alergia 2018; 65(4): 442-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.29262/ram.v65i4.363] [PMID: 30602216]
[13]
Garg A, Mishra A. Formulation and evaluation of indapamide hemihydrate sustained release tablets. APJHS 2022; 9(1): 30-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2022.9.1.08]
[14]
Sassard J, Bataillard A, McIntyre H. An overview of the pharmacology and clinical efficacy of indapamide sustained release. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2005; 19(6): 637-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.2005.00377.x] [PMID: 16313275]
[15]
Babu B, Muralidharan S, Meyyanathan SN, Suresh B. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of metolazone tablets using healthy human volunteers. J Bioanal Biomed 2010; 2(01): 1000024.
[16]
Rosenberg J, Gustafsson F, Galatius S, Hildebrandt PR. Combination therapy with metolazone and loop diuretics in outpatients with refractory heart failure: An observational study and review of the literature. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2005; 19(4): 301-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10557-005-3350-2] [PMID: 16189620]
[17]
Solanki R, Nagori BP. RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of frusemide and amiloride hydrochloride in tablet formulation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2010; 72(3): 384-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.70491] [PMID: 21188054]
[18]
Vidt DG. Mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and therapeutic uses of amiloride hydrochloride, a new potassium-sparing diuretic. Pharmacotherapy 1981; 1(3): 179-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1981.tb02539.x] [PMID: 6927605]
[19]
Ram VR, Dave PN, Joshi HS. Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC assay method for simultaneous determination of spironolactone and furosemide in tablet formulation. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50(8): 721-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bms062] [PMID: 22641089]
[20]
Layton AM, Eady EA, Whitehouse H, Del Rosso JQ, Fedorowicz Z, van Zuuren EJ. Oral spironolactone for acne vulgaris in adult females: A hybrid systematic review. Am J Clin Dermatol 2017; 18(2): 169-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40257-016-0245-x] [PMID: 28155090]
[21]
Tu W, Decker BS, He Z, et al. Triamterene enhances the blood pressure lowering effect of hydrochlorothiazide in patients with hypertension. J Gen Intern Med 2016; 31(1): 30-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3469-1] [PMID: 26194642]
[22]
Niyazov R, Sharman T. Triamterene. StatPearls Publishing 2021.
[23]
FDA Approved Drug Products. Furosemide Injection, for intravenous or intramuscular use. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/018579s029lbl.pdf
[24]
Brater DC, Day B, Burdette A, Anderson S. Bumetanide and furosemide in heart failure. Kidney Int 1984; 26(2): 183-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.1984.153] [PMID: 6503136]
[25]
Kokko JP. Site and mechanism of action of diuretics. Am J Med 1984; 77(5): 11-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(84)80003-0] [PMID: 6496555]
[26]
De Bono G, Kaye CM, Roland E, Summers AJH. Acebutolol: Ten years of experience. Am Heart J 1985; 109(5): 1211-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-8703(85)90712-4] [PMID: 2859785]
[27]
Gorre F, Vandekerckhove H. Beta-blockers: Focus on mechanism of action Which beta-blocker, when and why? Acta Cardiol 2010; 65(5): 565-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/AC.65.5.2056244] [PMID: 21125979]
[28]
Kirch W, Görg KG. Clinical pharmacokinetics of atenolol - A review. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1982; 7(2): 81-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03188723] [PMID: 6749509]
[29]
Rehman B, Sanchez DP, Shah S. Atenolol. StatPearls Publishing 2021.
[30]
Beresford R, Heel RC. Betaxolol. Drugs 1986; 31(1): 6-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198631010-00002] [PMID: 2866947]
[31]
Dong Y, Ishikawa H, Wu Y, Shimizu K, Goseki T, Yoshitomi T. Effect and mechanism of betaxolol and timolol on vascular relaxation in isolated rabbit ciliary artery. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006; 50(6): 504-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10384-006-0377-2] [PMID: 17180523]
[32]
Frishman WH, Burris JF, Mroczek WJ, et al. First-line therapy option with low-dose bisoprolol fumarate and low-dose hydrochlorothiazide in patients with stage I and stage II systemic hypertension. J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 35(2): 182-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb05009.x] [PMID: 7751430]
[33]
Chatterjee SS. The cardioselective and hypotensive effects of bisoprolol in hypertensive asthmatics. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1985; 8 (Suppl. 11): S74-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005344-198511001-00013] [PMID: 2439803]
[34]
Polli JE, Rekhi GS, Augsburger LL, Shah VP. Methods to compare dissolution profiles and a rationale for wide dissolution specifications for metoprolol tartrate tablets. J Pharm Sci 1997; 86(6): 690-700.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/js960473x] [PMID: 9188051]
[35]
Brogden RN, Heel RC, Speight TM, Avery GS. Metoprolol. Drugs 1977; 14(5): 321-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-197714050-00001] [PMID: 201441]
[36]
Heel RC, Brogden RN, Pakes GE, Speight TM, Avery GS. Nadolol. Drugs 1980; 20(1): 1-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198020010-00001] [PMID: 6105067]
[37]
Weber MA, Schiffrin EL, White WB, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community: A statement by the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. J Clin Hypertens 2014; 16(1): 14-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jch.12237] [PMID: 24341872]
[38]
Patra C, Kumar A, Pandit H, Singh S, Devi M. Design and evaluation of sustained release bilayer tablets of propranolol hydrochloride. Acta Pharm 2007; 57(4): 479-89.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10007-007-0038-0] [PMID: 18165191]
[39]
Rehsia NS, Dhalla NS. Mechanisms of the beneficial effects of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in congestive heart failure. Exp Clin Cardiol 2010; 15(4): e86-95.
[PMID: 21264074]
[40]
El-Gindy A, Ashour A, Abdel-Fattah L, Shabana MM. Application of LC and HPTLC-densitometry for the simultaneous determination of benazepril hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 25(2): 171-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00480-5] [PMID: 11275425]
[41]
Preuss CV, Kalava A, King KC. StatPearls. Treasure Island, (FL):: StatPearls Publishing 2021.
[42]
Heel RC, Brogden RN, Speight TM, Avery GS. Captopril. Drugs 1980; 20(6): 409-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198020060-00001] [PMID: 7009133]
[43]
Lezama-Martinez D, Flores-Monroy J, Fonseca-Coronado S, Hernandez-Campos ME, Valencia-Hernandez I, Martinez-Aguilar L. Combined antihypertensive therapies that increase expression of cardioprotective biomarkers associated with the renin-angiotensin and Kallikrein-Kinin systems. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2018; 72(6): 291-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000000629] [PMID: 30422889]
[44]
Ip DP, Brenner GS. Enalapril maleate.In: Inanalytical profiles of drug substances. Academic Press 1987; p. 16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-5428(08)60557-2]
[45]
Todd PA, Goa KL. Enalapril. Drugs 1992; 43(3): 346-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199243030-00005] [PMID: 1374319]
[46]
Desmet W, Vrolix M, De Scheerder I, Van Lierde J, Willems JL, Piessens J. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with fosinopril sodium in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Circulation 1994; 89(1): 385-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.89.1.385] [PMID: 8281674]
[47]
Alessi K, Parmar M. Fosinopril. StatPearls 2023; 2022: 12.
[48]
Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, Bosch J, Davies R, Dagenais G. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2000; 342(3): 145-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200001203420301] [PMID: 10639539]
[49]
Thatcher SE. A brief introduction into the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: New and old techniques. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1614: 1-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7030-8_1] [PMID: 28500591]
[50]
Gleiter CH, Jägle C, Gresser U, Mörike K. Candesartan. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2004; 22(4): 263-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-3466.2004.tb00146.x] [PMID: 15592574]
[51]
Sever P. Candesartan cilexetil: A new, long-acting, effective angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker. J Hum Hypertens 1997; 11 (Suppl. 2): S91-5.
[PMID: 9331018]
[52]
Gillis JC, Markham A. Irbesartan. Drugs 1997; 54(6): 885-902.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199754060-00007] [PMID: 9421695]
[53]
Maggioni AP. Efficacy of Angiotensin receptor blockers in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2006; 20(4): 295-308.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10557-006-9799-9] [PMID: 16915347]
[54]
Goa KL, Wagstaff AJ. Losartan potassium. Drugs 1996; 51(5): 820-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199651050-00008] [PMID: 8861549]
[55]
He YM, Feng L, Huo DM, Yang ZH, Liao YH. Enalapril versus losartan for adults with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Nephrology 2013; 18(9): 605-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nep.12134] [PMID: 23869492]
[56]
McClellan KJ, Markham A. Telmisartan. Drugs 1998; 56(6): 1039-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199856060-00007] [PMID: 9878991]
[57]
Siddiqui N, Husain A, Chaudhry L, Alam MS, Mitra M, Bhasin PS. Pharmacological and pharmaceutical profile of valsartan: A review. J Appl Pharm Sci 2011; 30: 12-9.
[58]
Ananchenko G, Novakovic J, Lewis J. Amlodipine besylate. Profiles Drug Subst Excip Relat Methodol 2012; 37: 31-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-397220-0.00002-7] [PMID: 22469316]
[59]
Ferrari R, Pavasini R, Camici PG, et al. Anti-anginal drugs–beliefs and evidence: systematic review covering 50 years of medical treatment. Eur Heart J 2019; 40(2): 190-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy504] [PMID: 30165445]
[60]
Levis SR, Deasy PB. Use of coated microtubular halloysite for the sustained release of diltiazem hydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride. Int J Pharm 2003; 253(1-2): 145-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(02)00702-0] [PMID: 12593945]
[61]
Edgar B, Lundborg P, Regårdh CG. Clinical pharmacokinetics of felodipine. A summary. Drugs 1987; 34 (Suppl. 3): 16-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198700343-00005] [PMID: 3327676]
[62]
Katz AM. Pharmacology and mechanisms of action of calcium-channel blockers. J Clin Hypertens 1986; 2(3): 28S-37S.
[PMID: 3540226]
[63]
Raemsch KD, Sommer J. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of nifedipine. Hypertension 1983; 5(4 Pt 2): II18-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.5.4_Pt_2.II18]
[64]
Khan KM, Patel JB, Schaefer TJ. Nifedipine. StatPearls Publishing 2023.
[65]
El Maghraby GM, Elsergany RN. Fast disintegrating tablets of nisoldipine for intra-oral administration. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 19(6): 641-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10837450.2013.813543] [PMID: 23841582]
[66]
Chen YH, Liu RC, Wang SP. Antianginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of nisoldipine in stable angina pectoris: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1996; 58(5): 323-8.
[PMID: 9037847]
[67]
Baky MSH, Singh BN. Verapamil hydrochloride: Pharmacological properties and role in cardiovascular therapeutics. Pharmacotherapy 1982; 2(6): 328-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1982.tb03210.x] [PMID: 6762530]
[68]
Basile J. The role of existing and newer calcium channel blockers in the treatment of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens 2004; 6(11): 621-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2004.03683.x] [PMID: 15538095]
[69]
Biaggioni I. Circadian clocks, autonomic rhythms, and blood pressure dipping. Hypertension 2008; 52(5): 797-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.117234] [PMID: 18779437]
[70]
Shaw E, Tofler GH. Circadian rhythm and cardiovascular disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2009; 11(4): 289-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11883-009-0044-4] [PMID: 19500492]
[71]
Maemura K, Takeda N, Nagai R. Circadian rhythms in the CNS and peripheral clock disorders: Role of the biological clock in cardiovascular diseases. J Pharmacol Sci 2007; 103(2): 134-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.FMJ06003X2] [PMID: 17299249]
[72]
Smolensky MH, Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Mojón A, Fernández JR. Bedtime chronotherapy with conventional hypertension medications to target increased asleep blood pressure results in markedly better chronoprevention of cardiovascular and other risks than customary on-awakening therapy. Heart Fail Clin 2017; 13(4): 775-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hfc.2017.05.011] [PMID: 28865784]
[73]
Prkacin I, Balenovic D. DjermanovicDobrota V, Lukac I, Drazic P, Pranjic I. Resistant hypertension and chronotherapy. Mater Sociomed 2015; 27(2): 118-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/msm.2015.27.118-121] [PMID: 26005390]
[74]
Mahabala C, Kamath P, Bhaskaran U, Pai ND, Pai AU. Antihypertensive therapy: Nocturnal dippers and nondippers. Do we treat them differently? Vasc Health Risk Manag 2013; 9: 125-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S33515] [PMID: 23569382]
[75]
Youan BBC. Chronopharmaceutical drug delivery systems: Hurdles, hype or hope? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62(9-10): 898-903.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2010.04.010] [PMID: 20438781]
[76]
Pawar VK, Awasthi R. Chronotherapy: An approach to synchronize drug delivery with circadian rhythm. J Chronother Drug Deliv 2010; 1(1): 1-8.
[77]
Shanmugan P, Bandameedi R. Chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems. J Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 6(194): 2.
[78]
Saigal N, Baboota S, Ahuja A, Ali J. Site specific chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems: A patent review. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul 2009; 3(1): 64-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187221109787158328] [PMID: 19149730]
[79]
Sudaxshina M. Electro-responsive drug delivery from hydrogels. J Control Release 2003; 92(1-2): 1-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00303-1]
[80]
Villarruel Mendoza LA, Scilletta NA, Bellino MG, Desimone MF, Catalano PN. Recent advances in micro-electro-mechanical devices for controlled drug release applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8: 827.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00827] [PMID: 32850709]
[81]
Acharya B, Chikan V. Pulse magnetic fields induced drug release from gold coated magnetic nanoparticle decorated liposomes. Magnetochemistry 2020; 6(4): 52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6040052]
[82]
Reinberg A, Smolensky MH. Biologic rhythms and medicine, cellular, metabolic, pathophysiologic, and pharmacologic aspects. Heidelberg: Springer 1983.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9496-9]
[83]
Haus E, Touitou Y, Eds. Biologic rhythms in clinical and laboratory medicine. Heidelberg: Springer 1992.
[84]
Reinberg A. Concepts of circadian chronopharmacology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991; 618(1): 102-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb27239.x] [PMID: 2006780]
[85]
Smolensky MH, Peppas NA. Chronobiology, drug delivery, and chronotherapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007; 59(9-10): 828-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2007.07.001] [PMID: 17884237]
[86]
Janugade BU, Patil SS, Patil SV, Lade PD. Pulsatile drug delivery system for chronopharmacological disorders: An overview. J Pharm Res 2009; 2: 132-43.
[87]
Smolensky MH, D’Alonzo GE. Biologic rhythms and medicine. Am J Med 1988; 85(1): 34-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(88)90240-9] [PMID: 3041825]
[88]
Youan BBC, Bi-Botti C. Chronopharmaceutics: Gimmick or clinically relevant approach to drug delivery? J Control Release 2004; 98(3): 337-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.05.015] [PMID: 15312991]
[89]
Rosenberg GD, Simmons DJ. Rhythmic dentinogenesis in the rabbit incisor: Circadian, ultradian, and infradian periods. Calcif Tissue Int 1980; 32(1): 29-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408519] [PMID: 6775778]
[90]
Nainwal N. Chronotherapeutics - A chronopharmaceutical approach to drug delivery in the treatment of asthma. J Control Release 2012; 163(3): 353-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.09.012] [PMID: 23022979]
[91]
Bowles NP, Thosar SS, Herzig MX, Shea SA. Chronotherapy for hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018; 20(11): 97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4] [PMID: 30267334]
[92]
ElKasabgy NA, Elsayed I, Elshafeey AH. Design of lipotomes as a novel dual functioning nanocarrier for bioavailability enhancement of lacidipine: in-vitro and in-vivo characterization. Int J Pharm 2014; 472(1-2): 369-79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.06.048] [PMID: 24979531]
[93]
Vernon G. The chronotherapy of hypertension: Or the benefit of taking blood pressure tablets at bedtime. Br J Gen Pract 2017; 67(657): 171.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp17X690269]
[94]
Croy S, Kwon G. Polymeric micelles for drug delivery. Curr Pharm Des 2006; 12(36): 4669-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206779026245] [PMID: 17168771]
[95]
Bernabeu E, Chiappetta DA. Vitamin E TPGS used as emulsifier in the preparation of nanoparticulate systems. J Biomater Tissue Eng 2013; 3(1): 122-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2013.1076]
[96]
Carstens M, de Jong PH, van Nostrum CF, et al. The effect of core composition in biodegradable oligomeric micelles as taxane formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 68(3): 596-606.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2007.08.014] [PMID: 17949956]
[97]
Martín Giménez VM, Moretton MA, Chiappetta DA, Salgueiro MJ, Fornés MW, Manucha W. Polymeric nanomicelles loaded with anandamide and their renal effects as a therapeutic alternative for hypertension treatment by passive targeting. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15(1): 176.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010176] [PMID: 36678805]
[98]
Méndez NA, Barreda CT, Vega AF, Calderon JE, Urioste CG, Palomec XC, et al. Design and development of pharmaceutical microprocesses in the production of nanomedicine.In: Nanostructures for oral medicine. Elsevier 2017.
[99]
Patel P, Dhake A. Design and development of colon specific microspheres for chronotherapy of hypertension. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2012; 4(5): 33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.94132] [PMID: 23066197]
[100]
Izquierdo-Palomares JM, Fernandez-Tabera JM, Plana MN, et al. Chronotherapy versus conventional statins therapy for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. Cochrane Libr 2016; 2016(11): CD009462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009462.pub2] [PMID: 27888640]
[101]
Hickey JW, Santos JL, Williford JM, Mao HQ. Control of polymeric nanoparticle size to improve therapeutic delivery. J Control Release 2015; 219: 536-47.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.006] [PMID: 26450667]
[102]
Hu J, Fu S, Peng Q, et al. Paclitaxel-loaded polymeric nanoparticles combined with chronomodulated chemotherapy on lung cancer: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2017; 516(1-2): 313-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.047] [PMID: 27884713]
[103]
Nepolean R, Narayanan N, Subramaniyan N, Venkateswaran K, Vinoth J. Preparation and characterization of nisoldipine nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation method. J Pharm Sci Res 2012; 1: 4-11.
[104]
Sher P, Ingavle G, Ponrathnam S, Pawar AP. Low density porous carrier based conceptual drug delivery system. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 2007; 102(1-3): 290-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.01.001]
[105]
Sharma S, Pawar A. Low density multiparticulate system for pulsatile release of meloxicam. Int J Pharm 2006; 313(1-2): 150-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.02.001] [PMID: 16540268]
[106]
Badve SS, Sher P, Korde A, Pawar AP. Development of hollow/porous calcium pectinate beads for floating-pulsatile drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007; 65(1): 85-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2006.07.010] [PMID: 16971097]
[107]
Zou H, Jiang X, Kong L, Gao S. Design and evaluation of a dry coated drug delivery system with floating-pulsatile release. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97(1): 263-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.21083] [PMID: 17803198]
[108]
Roy P, Shahiwala A. Statistical optimization of ranitidine HCl floating pulsatile delivery system for chronotherapy of nocturnal acid breakthrough. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 37(3-4): 363-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2009.03.006] [PMID: 19491027]
[109]
Thitinan S, McConville JT. Development of a gastroretentive pulsatile drug delivery platform. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 64(4): 505-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01428.x] [PMID: 22420657]
[110]
El Maghraby GM, Arafa MF, Essa EA. Phase transition microemulsions as drug delivery systems.In: Applications of nanocomposite materials in drug delivery. Woodhead Publishing 2018; pp. 787-803.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813741-3.00034-0]
[111]
Ansari KA, Pagar KP, Anwar S, Vavia PR. Design and optimization of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of felodipine for chronotherapeutic application. Braz J Pharm Sci 2014; 50(1): 203-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502011000100021]
[112]
Hermida RC, Ayala DE, Smolensky MH, Fernández JR, Mojón A, Portaluppi F. Chronotherapy with conventional blood pressure medications improves management of hypertension and reduces cardiovascular and stroke risks. Hypertens Res 2016; 39(5): 277-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hr.2015.142] [PMID: 26657008]
[113]
Rajpoot K, Tekade M, Sharma MC, Sreeharsha N, Arafat B, Tekade RK. 3D printing as an emerging tool in pharmaceutical product development.In: The future of pharmaceutical product development and research. Academic Press 2020; pp. 27-71.
[114]
Patil OA, Patil IS, Bilsakar VV, Randive DS, Bhutkar MA, Bhinge SD. Formulation and evaluation of valsartan Pulsincap drug delivery system for treatment of hypertension. Asian J Pharma Technol 2018; 8(2): 65-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2231-5713.2018.00010.7]
[115]
Elghamry A, Zalat Z, Abu El-Enin A, Elewa H. Formulation and evaluation of colon targeted Pulsincap delivery of carvedilol for treatment of hypertension. Azhar Int J Pharmaceut Med Sci 2023; 3(1): 15-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/aijpms.2022.110955.1100]
[116]
Arora S, Ali J, Ahuja A, Khar RK, Baboota S. Floating drug delivery systems: A review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2005; 6(3): E372-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt060347]
[117]
Bidkar S, Ghode A, Mantry S, Mahajan KC, Meher A, Bidkar J, et al. Influence the study on the need of floating tablets for the treatment of hypertension. J Pharm Neg Results 2023; 4160-71.
[118]
Jao F, Wong P, Huynh H, McChesney K, Wat P. Alza Corporation. United States 1992; p. 17.
[119]
White WB, Mehrotra DV, Black HR, Fakouhi TD. Effects of controlled-onset extended-release verapamil on nocturnal blood pressure (dippers versus nondippers). Am J Cardiol 1997; 80(4): 469-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00397-4] [PMID: 9285660]
[120]
Fusz FR. Technologies Ltd. United States 1996; p. 34.
[121]
Verma RK, Garg S. Drug delivery technologies and future directions. Pharm Technol 2001; 25(2): 1-4.
[122]
Panoz D, Geoghegan E. Elan Corporation. United States 1989.
[123]
Prisant LM, Devane JG, Butler J. A steady-state evaluation of the bioavailability of chronotherapeutic oral drug absorption system verapamil PM after nighttime dosing versus immediate-acting verapamil dosed every eight hours. Am J Ther 2000; 7(6): 345-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045391-200007060-00002] [PMID: 11304641]
[124]
Smith D, Neutel JM, Weber MA. A new chronotherapeutic oral drug absorption system for verapamil optimizes blood pressure control in the morning. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14(1): 14-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0895-7061(00)01227-9] [PMID: 11206672]
[125]
Percel P, Vishnupad K, Venkatesh G. Eurand Pharmaceuticals Ltd. United States 2002; p. 13.
[126]
In FD. Electronic orange book. Washington, DC: Electronic Orange Book 2003; p. 54.
[127]
Conte U, Maggi L. Modulation of the dissolution profiles from Geomatrix® multi-layer matrix tablets containing drugs of different solubility. Biomaterials 1996; 17(9): 889-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(96)83284-4] [PMID: 8718934]
[128]
Crison JR, Siersma PR, Taylor MD, et al. Programmable oral release technology, Port Systems and Mac226: A novel dosage form for time and site specific oral drug delivery. Proc Int Symp Control Release Bioact Mater 1995; 22: 278-9.
[129]
Katstra WE, Palazzolo RD, Rowe CW, Giritlioglu B, Teung P, Cima MJ. Oral dosage forms fabricated by Three Dimensional Printing™. J Control Release 2000; 66(1): 1-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(99)00225-4] [PMID: 10708873]
[130]
Stevens HNE, Wilson CG, Welling PG, et al. Evaluation of Pulsincap™ to provide regional delivery of dofetilide to the human GI tract. Int J Pharm 2002; 236(1-2): 27-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(02)00012-1] [PMID: 11891067]
[131]
Kuila A, Dhandapani NV, Bhowmik H, Soni A, Kumar KH. Chronotherapeutic drug delivery system: An emerging approach to treat circadian rhythmic related disease. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2018; 11(8): 15-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.26169]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
31
1
Wayfinder Image
Open Access Journals Promotions
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy