Title:A Comparative Analysis of Renal Neoplasms with Immunohistochemistry
Study: Bahrain Experience
Volume: 5
Author(s): Haya Khaled Ali Abdulla Alkhalifa, Khaled Hameed Husain, Veena Nagaraj, Ayman Raees and Abdulla Darwish*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pathology, BDF Royal Medical Services, BDF Hospital, Riffa, Bahrain
Keywords:
Renal neoplasms, Clear cell carcinoma, Chromophobe carcinoma, Papillary carcinoma, Oncocytoma, Tumour markers, Renal biopsy.
Abstract:
Background:
The incidence of renal neoplasms has been increasing globally. Immunohistochemistry aids in differentiating the subtypes of Renal Cell
Carcinoma (RCC).
Objective:
This study aimed to describe the demography of renal cancer in the Kingdom of Bahrain, comparing it to other regions worldwide, emphasizing the
most common type of renal cancer, clinical presentation, and immunohistochemistry.
Methodology:
This retrospective chart review comprises 74 Bahraini patients diagnosed with Renal neoplasms (from 2009-2019) at the Bahrain Defense Force
(BDF) Hospital in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Variables collected include demographics, clinical presentation from patients’ electronic records and
pathology registry, surgical management, immunohistochemistry, pathological staging, grading, and prognosis. IBM SPSS Statistics, version
28.0.0.0, was used.
Results:
About 71 patients’ characteristics were analyzed; 63 had malignant neoplasms, and 8 had benign neoplasms. The mean age of patients with a
malignant renal neoplasm was 56.38 (± 12.643). The most common presentation was an incidental finding (60.6% of lesions being right-sided).
Clear Cell RCC was the most common malignant lesion (77.1%), and the most common stage was stage 1 (69.8%). CD10 and vimentin were
100% sensitive for Clear Cell RCC. No significant association was found between diabetes and a higher Fuhrman grade (3 or 4) (P = 0.066).
Conclusion:
From 2009 to 2019, renal neoplasms incidence increased. The most common malignant neoplasm was clear cell RCC and among benign tumours
was oncocytoma. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in subtype determination. One recommendation would be to assess the incidence
of renal neoplasms in other hospitals in Bahrain to establish more epidemiological data and compare our results with other Gulf hospitals.
