Analytical Methods for Triamcinolone Acetonide: An Exploratory
Literature Review

Diksha      Gulati; Aakriti      Saini; Ashwani   K.   Dhingra

doi:10.2174/0118715230264849231002061900

Abstract

An artificial glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties is triamcinolone acetonide. It is abundantly used to treat redness, itching, and many other skin conditions like itching and psoriasis. As a result, there are several different triamcinolone acetonide formulations available. Each of these formulations must go through the correct phases of development and validation in order to identify the medications and other additives for safer use. This review article is just a representation of all the methods reported for the development and validation of triamcinolone acetonide in pure form to break down contaminants, in addition to other medications, and even in biological samples. The International Council for Harmonization (ICH) technical requirements for human use suggestions, which include a number of analytical parameters, have been followed in the validation of all the procedures. The present study also clarified the most significant drug combination.

Keywords: Triamcinolone acetonide, HPLC, analysis, development, validation, glucocorticoid.

« Previous Next »

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Ahluwalia, A. Topical glucocorticoids and the skin-mechanisms of action: An update. Mediators Inflamm.,  1998, 7(3), 183-193.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09629359891126] [PMID: 9705606]

[2]
Potter, P.C.; Pawankar, R. Indications, efficacy and safety of intranasal corticosteroids in rhinoinusitis. World Allergy Organ. J.,  2012, 5(1), S14-S17.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1939-4551-5-S1-S14]

[3]
Anderson, M.; Oehlke, K.; Farver, D. Choosing an appropriate topical corticosteroid. S. D. Med.,  2012, 65(12), 468-471.
 [PMID: 23477039]

[4]
Ference, J.D.; Last, A.R. Choosing topical corticosteroids. Am. Fam. Physician,  2009, 79(2), 135-140.
 [PMID: 19178066]

[5]
Vestbo, J.; Vogelmeier, C.F.; Small, M.; Siddall, J.; Fogel, R.; Kostikas, K. Inhaled corticosteroid use by exacerbations and eosinophils: A real-world COPD population. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis.,  2019, 14, 853-861.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S189585] [PMID: 31114183]

[6]
Cofey, M.J.; Decory, H.H.; Lane, S.S. Development of a non settling gel formulation of 0.5% lotaprednol etabonate for anti-inflammatory use as an opthalamic drop. Clin Ophth.,  2013, 7, 299-312.

[7]
Uva, L.; Miguel, D.; Pinheiro, C.; Antunes, J.; Cruz, D.; Ferreira, J.; Filipe, P. Mechanisms of action of topical corticosteroids in psoriasis. Int. J. Endocrinol.,  2012, 2012, 1-16.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/561018] [PMID: 23213332]

[8]
Johnstone, W.M., III; Honeycutt, J.L.; Deck, C.A.; Borski, R.J. Nongenomic glucocorticoid effects and their mechanisms of action in vertebrates. Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol.,  2019, 346, 51-96.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.03.004] [PMID: 31122395]

[9]
Scheun, J.; Greeff, D.; Ganswindt, A. Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in urine and faeces of the Sungazer ( Smaug giganteus ). PeerJ,  2018, 6, e6132.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6132] [PMID: 30595985]

[10]
Hengge, U.R.; Ruzicka, T.; Schwartz, R.A.; Cork, M.J. Adverse effects of topical glucocorticosteroids. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.,  2006, 54(1), 1-15.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.01.010] [PMID: 16384751]

[11]
Dey, V. Misuse of topical corticosteroids: A clinical study of adverse effects. Indian Dermatol. Online J.,  2014, 5(4), 436-440.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229-5178.142486] [PMID: 25396124]

[12]
Hu, K.; Adachi, J.D. Glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. Expert Rev. Endocrinol. Metab.,  2019, 14(4), 259-266.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2019.1617131] [PMID: 31094232]

[13]
Rathi, S.K.; D’Souza, P. Rational and ethical use of topical corticosteroids based on safety and efficacy. Indian J. Dermatol.,  2012, 57(4), 251-259.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.97655] [PMID: 22837556]

[14]
Alexander, T.; Maxim, E.; Cardwell, L.A.; Chawla, A.; Feldman, S.R. Prescriptions for atopic dermatitis: Oral corticosteroids remain commonplace. J. Dermatolog. Treat.,  2018, 29(3), 238-240.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2017.1365112] [PMID: 28789575]

[15]
Karangizi, A.H.K.; Al-Shaghana, M.; Logan, S.; Criseno, S.; Webster, R.; Boelaert, K.; Hewins, P.; Harper, L. Glucocorticoid induced adrenal insufficiency is common in steroid treated glomerular diseases - proposed strategy for screening and management. BMC Nephrol.,  2019, 20(1), 154.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12882-019-1354-6] [PMID: 31060510]

[16]
van Heugten, A.J.P.; de Boer, W.; de Vries, W.S.; Markesteijn, C.M.A.; Vromans, H. Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC-UV method for the determination of triamcinolone acetonide and its degradation products in an ointment formulation. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.,  2018, 149, 265-270.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.026] [PMID: 29127908]

[17]
Baker, M.M.; Belal, T.S.; Mahrous, M.S.; Ahmed, H.M.; Daabees, H.G. A validated stability-indicating HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of econazole nitrate, triamcinolone acetonide, benzoic acid and butylated hydroxyanisole in cream dosage form. Anal. Methods,  2016, 8(10), 2185-2200.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5AY02746B]

[18]
Vieira, M.L.T.; Singh, R.P.; Derendorf, H.; Derendorf, H. Simultaneous HPLC analysis of triamcinolone acetonide and budesonide in microdialysate and rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci.,  2010, 878(29), 2967-2973.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.08.048] [PMID: 20884303]

[19]
Xiao, L.; Ding, Z.; Shigui, X.U.; Guo, Y.; Wang, Y.; Luo, M. Simultaneous determination of triamcinolone acetonide and tretinoin in dimensional ointment by HPLC. China Pharm.,  2016, 27(3), 381-383.

[20]
Chocholouš, P.; Holík, P.; Šatínský, D.; Solich, P. A novel application of Onyx™ monolithic column for simultaneous determination of salicylic acid and triamcinolone acetonide by sequential injection chromatography. Talanta,  2007, 72(2), 854-858.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2006.12.009] [PMID: 19071698]

[21]
Pereira, A.D.; Santos, M.C.; Costa, V.M.; Pianetti, G.A.; Da Silva, G.R. Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of triamcinolone acetonide from polyurethane intraocular implants. Int. J. Pharma Sci.,  2012, 4(4), 132-136.

[22]
Havlíková, L.; Matysová, L.; Hájková, R.; Šatínský, D.; Solich, P. Advantages of pentafluorophenylpropyl stationary phase over conventional C18 stationary phase—Application to analysis of triamcinolone acetonide. Talanta,  2008, 76(3), 597-601.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2008.03.048] [PMID: 18585326]

[23]
Matysová, L.; Hájková, R.; Šícha, J.; Solich, P. Determination of methylparaben, propylparaben, triamcinolone acetonide and its degradation product in a topical cream by RP-HPLC. Anal. Bioanal. Chem.,  2003, 376(4), 440-443.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-003-1756-x] [PMID: 12819846]

[24]
Döppenschmitt, S.A.; Scheidel, B.; Harrison, F.; Surmann, J.P. Simultaneous determination of triamcinolone acetonide and hydrocortisone in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr., Biomed. Appl.,  1996, 682(1), 79-88.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4347(96)00060-6] [PMID: 8832428]

[25]
EL-Zaher,. A.A.; Elkady, E.F.; Al-Tahami, A.A. RP-HPLC-UV Detection method for the simultaneous determination of econazole nitrate, triamcinolone Acetonide and benzoic acid in ternary mixture. Curr. Pharm. Anal.,  2019, 15(7), 738-744.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573412914666180501113706]

[26]
Abbas, S.S.; Hegazy, M.A.; Hendawy, H.A.M.; Weshahy, S.A.; Abdelwahab, M.H. Resolution and quantification of Triamcinolone Acetonide and its coformulated drug in the presence of impurities and degradation products by HPTLC and HPLC. J. AOAC Int.,  2018, 101(4), 981-991.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0422] [PMID: 28903833]

[27]
Yang, P.; Zeng, W.; Sun, L. Simultaneous determination of triamcinolone acetonide and chloramphenicol in chloramphenicol and triamcinolone acetonide cream by HPLC-DAD. China Pharm.,  2016, 19(3), 591-593.

[28]
Sheshala, R.; Hong, G.C.; Yee, W.P.; Meka, V.S.; Thakur, R.R.S. In situ forming phase-inversion implants for sustained ocular delivery of triamcinolone acetonide. Drug Deliv. Transl. Res.,  2019, 9(2), 534-542.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13346-018-0491-y] [PMID: 29484530]

[29]
Wu, Y.; Xiao, X. Evaluation of percutaneous absorption of Triamcinolone Acetonide and econazole nitrate cream in vitro. Univ. Chin.Med.,  2017, 2, 10.

[30]
Trinh, H.M.; Cholkar, K.; Joseph, M.; Yang, X.; Mitra, A.K. Clear, aqueous topical drop of triamcinolone acetonide. AAPS Pharm. Sci. Tech.,  2017, 18(7), 2466-2478.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-017-0714-4] [PMID: 28185211]

[31]
Kedor-Hackmann, E.R.M.; Gianotto, E.A.S.; Santoro, M.I.R.M. Determination of triamcinolone acetonide in ointment by uv derivative spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography. Anal. Lett.,  1997, 30(10), 1861-1871.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719708001703]

[32]
Agbaba, D.; Zivanov-Stakić, D.; Vladimirov, S.; Zubac, K. Determination of triamcinolone, triamcinolone acetonide and fluocinonide in dosage forms. Acta Pol. Pharm.,  1990, 47(1-2), 15-17.
 [PMID: 12959252]

[33]
Hartmann, F.; Ude, P. Quantitative thin-layer chromatography determination of the urinary excretion of free triamcinolone-acetonide during external treatment with occlusive dressings in patients with psoriasis. Verh. Dtsch. Ges. Inn. Med.,  1974, 80, 1548-1551.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85449-1_487] [PMID: 4454481]

[34]
Aquino, G.; Stopilha, R.; Fernades, M.; Santos, K.; Egito, S. Validation of quantitative analysis method for triamcinolone internary complexes by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Rev. Cienc. Farm. Basica Apl.,  2011, 32(1), 35-40.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite

Article Metrics

28

2

Journal Information

For Authors

For Editors

For Reviewers

Explore Articles

Open Access

Open Access Articles

For Visitors

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0118715230264849231002061900	Print ISSN 1871-5230
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-614X

Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Analytical Methods for Triamcinolone Acetonide: An Exploratory Literature Review

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Related Journals

Related Books