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Current Organic Synthesis

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-1794
ISSN (Online): 1875-6271

Research Article

Tetra-azolium Salts Induce Significant Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer Cells In vitro

Author(s): Muhammad Ashraf, Amna Kamal, Ejaz Ahmed, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Muhammad Arshad and Muhammad Adnan Iqbal*

Volume 21, Issue 8, 2024

Published on: 23 November, 2023

Page: [1075 - 1080] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1570179421666230824151219

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Azolium salts are the organic salts used as stable precursors for generating N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and their metal complexes. Azolium salts have also been reported to have significant biological potential. Hence, in the current study, four tetra-dentate azolium salts were derived from bis-azolium salts by a new synthetic strategy.

Methods: The tetra azolium salts have been synthesized by reacting the imidazole or methyl imidazole with dibromo xylene (meta, para)/ 1-bromo methyl imidazole or dibromo ethane resulting in the mono or bis azolium salts namely I-IV. V-VII have been obtained by reacting I with II-IV, resulting in the tetra azolium salts. Each product was analyzed by various analytical techniques, i.e., microanalysis, FT-IR, and NMR (1H & 13C). Salts V-VII were evaluated for their antiproliferative effect against human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) using MTT assay.

Results: Four chemical shifts for acidic protons between 8.5-9.5 δ ppm in 1H NMR and resonance of respective carbons around 136-146 δ ppm in 13C NMR indicated the successful synthesis of tetra azolium salts. Salt V showed the highest IC50 value, 24.8 μM among all synthesized compounds.

Conclusion: Tetra-azolium salts may play a better cytotoxicity effect compared to mono-, bi-& tri-azolium salts.

Keywords: Tetra-nuclear, azolium salts, NHC, anti-cancer, HCT-116, cytotoxicity, IC50.

Graphical Abstract
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