Title:Brain-targeted Nano-architectures for Efficient Drug Delivery and
Sensitization in Glioblastoma
Volume: 29
Issue: 22
Author(s): Jeswanthi Aishwarya Vibhavari Ravuluri, Vanishree Rao, Gautam Kumar, Suman Manandhar, Sri Pragnya Cheruku, Priya Bisht, Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallmudi, Krishnadas Nandakumar, Lalit Kumar and Nitesh Kumar*
Affiliation:
- Department of
Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali 844102, Bihar, India;
Keywords:
Nanoparticles, glioblastoma, resistance, sensitization, temozolomide, drug delivery.
Abstract: Due to ineffective diagnosis and analysis, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is still the most aggressive
form of all cancers. Standard therapy for GBM comprises resection surgery following chemo and radiotherapy,
which offers less efficacious treatment to the malignant nature of glioma. Several treatment strategies involving
gene therapy, immunotherapy, and angiogenesis inhibition have been employed recently as alternative
therapeutics. The main drawback of chemotherapy is resistance, which is mainly due to the enzymes involved
in the therapeutic pathways. Our objective is to provide a clear insight into various nano-architectures used in
the sensitization of GBM and their importance in drug delivery and bioavailability. This review includes the
overview and summary of articles from Pubmed and Scopus search engines. The present era’s synthetic and natural
drugs used in the treatment of GBM are facing poor Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) permeability issues due to
greater particle size. This problem can be resolved by using the nanostructures that showcase high specificity to
cross the BBB with their nano-scale size and broader surface area. Nano-architectures act as promising tools for
effective brain-targeted drug delivery at a concentration well below the final dose of free drug, thus resulting in
safe therapeutic effects and reversal of chemoresistance. The present review focuses on the mechanisms involved
in the resistance of glioma cells to chemotherapeutic agents, nano-pharmacokinetics, diverse types of
nano-architectures used for potent delivery of the medicine and sensitization in GBM, their recent clinical advances,
potential challenges, and future perspective.
