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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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Review Article

The Development of Non-natural Type Nucleoside to Stabilize Triplex DNA Formation against CG and TA Inversion Site

Author(s): Lei Wang*, Yong Ling, Yan Tian, Xiao Wang, Shigeki Sasaki and Yosuke Taniguchi*

Volume 31, Issue 19, 2024

Published on: 23 June, 2023

Page: [2663 - 2686] Pages: 24

DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230512114130

Price: $65

Abstract

Based on the sequence-specific recognition of target duplex DNA by triplexforming oligonucleotides (TFOs) at the major groove side, the antigene strategy has been exploited as a gene-targeting tool with considerable attention. Triplex DNA is formed via the specific base triplets by the Hoogsteen or reverse Hoogsteen hydrogen bond interaction between TFOs and the homo-purine strand from the target duplex DNA, leading to the established sequence-specificity. However, the presence of inversion sites, which are known as non-natural nucleosides that can form satisfactory interactions with 2′- deoxythymidine (dT) and 2′-deoxycytidine (dC) in TA and CG base pairs in the target homo-purine DNA sequences, drastically restricts the formation of classically stable base triplets and even the triplex DNA. Therefore, the design of non-natural type nucleosides, which can effectively recognize CG or/and TA inversion sites with satisfactory selectivity, should be of great significance to expanding the triplex-forming sequence. Here, this review mainly provides a comprehensive review of the current development of novel nonnatural nucleosides to recognize CG or/and TA inversion sites in triplex DNA formation against double-strand DNA (dsDNA).

Keywords: Triplex-forming oligonucleotide (TFO), triplex DNA, inversion site, non-natural nucleotide, recognition, antigene strategy, deoxythymidine.

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