Title:Development of Tumor Markers for Breast Cancer Immunotherapy
Volume: 24
Issue: 5
Author(s): Qianqian Fang, Guoshuang Shen, Qiqi Xie, Yumei Guan, Xinlan Liu, Dengfeng Ren, Fuxing Zhao, Zhilin Liu, Fei Ma and Jiuda Zhao*
Affiliation:
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
Keywords:
Breast cancer, immunotherapy, biomarker, cancers in women, immune checkpoint, immunomarkers.
Abstract: Although breast cancer treatment has been developed remarkably in recent
years, it remains the primary cause of death among women. Immune checkpoint
blockade therapy has significantly altered the way breast cancer is treated, although not
all patients benefit from the changes. At present, the most effective mechanism of
immune checkpoint blockade application in malignant tumors is not clear and efficacy
may be influenced by many factors, including host, tumor, and tumor microenvironment
dynamics. Therefore, there is a pressing need for tumor immunomarkers that can be
used to screen patients and help determine which of them would benefit from breast
cancer immunotherapy. At present, no single tumor marker can predict treatment
efficacy with sufficient accuracy. Multiple markers may be combined to more accurately
pinpoint patients who will respond favorably to immune checkpoint blockade medication.
In this review, we have examined the breast cancer treatments, developments in
research on the role of tumor markers in maximizing the clinical efficacy of immune
checkpoint inhibitors, prospects for the identification of novel therapeutic targets, and the
creation of individualized treatment plans. We also discuss how tumor markers can
provide guidance for clinical practice.
