Title:Natural Flavonoids as Potential Therapeutics in the Management of
Diabetic Wound: A Review
Volume: 23
Issue: 8
Author(s): Nongmaithem Randhoni Chanu, Pal Gogoi, Pervej Alom Barbhuiya, Partha Pratim Dutta, Manash Pratim Pathak and Saikat Sen*
Affiliation:
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Guwahati, Assam, 781026, India
Keywords:
Flavonoid, Diabetic wound, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Hypoglycemic, Antimicrobial, Angiogenesis.
Abstract: Flavonoids are important bioactive phenolic compounds abundant in plants and exhibit
different therapeutic potentials. A wound is a significant problem in diabetic individuals. A hyperglycaemic
environment alters the normal wound-healing process and increases the risk of microbial
infection, leading to hospitalization, morbidity, and amputation. Flavonoids are an important class
of phytochemicals with excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antitumor,
and wound healing property. Quercetin, hesperidin, curcumin, kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin,
morin, etc. have shown their wound healing potential. Flavonoids effectively exhibit antimicrobial
activity, scavenge reactive oxygen species, augment endogenous antioxidants, reduce the expression
and synthesis of inflammatory cytokines (i.e. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB), inhibit inflammatory
enzymes, enhance anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), enhance insulin section, reduce insulin
resistance, and control blood glucose level. Several flavonoids like hesperidin, curcumin, quercetin,
rutin, naringin, and luteolin have shown their potential in managing diabetic wounds. Natural
products that maintain glucose haemostatic, exert anti-inflammatory activity, suppress/inhibit microbial
growth, modulate cytokines, inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), stimulate angiogenesis
and extracellular matrix, and modulate growth factor can be considered as a potential therapeutic
lead to treat diabetic wound. Flavonoids were found to play a positive role in management of diabetic
wounds by regulating MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, Ras/Raf/ MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt,
and nitric oxide pathways. Therefore, it can be assumed that flavonoids could be potential therapeutics
to prevent devastating effects of diabetic wounds. This paper focused on the potential role of
flavonoids in managing diabetic wounds and discussed their possible mechanism of action.
