Title:Review on the Discovery of Water Absorbance Spectral Pattern in Aquaphotomics
based on Chemometrics Analytical Tools
Volume: 23
Issue: 17
Author(s): Xiaobo Ma, Boran Lin, Bing Zhao, Xiaoying Wei, Qin Dong, Hui Zhang, Lian Li and Hengchang Zang*
Affiliation:
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological
Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan,
250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan,
250012, Shandong, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong,
China
Keywords:
Aquaphotomics, Water, Water absorbance spectral pattern (WASP), Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), Chemometrics, Water species.
Abstract: Aquaphotomics, as a new discipline is a powerful tool for exploring the relationship between
the structure of water and the function of matter by analyzing the interaction between water
and light of various frequencies. However, chemometric tools, especially the Water Absorbance
Spectral Pattern (WASP) determinations, are essential in this kind of data mining. In this review,
different state-of-the-art chemometrics methods were introduced to determine the WASP of aqueous
systems. We elucidate the methods used for identifying activated water bands in three aspects,
namely: 1) improving spectral resolution; the complexity of water species in aqueous systems leads
to a serious overlap of NIR spectral signals, therefore, we need to obtain reliable information hidden
in spectra, 2) extracting spectral features; sometimes, certain spectral information cannot be revealed
by simple data processing, it is necessary to extract deep data information, 3) overlapping
peak separation; since the spectral signal is produced by multiple factors, overlapping peak separation
can be used to facilitate the extraction of spectral components. The combined use of various
methods can characterize the changes of different water species in the system with disturbance and
can determine the WASP. WASPs of research systems vary from each other, and it is visually displayed
in the form of the aquagram. As a new omics family member, aquaphotomics could be applied
as a holistic marker in multidisciplinary fields.