Title:Roles of Nuclear Receptors in Esophageal Cancer
Volume: 24
Issue: 12
Author(s): Lihao Deng, Jiaxuan Liu, Wei-Dong Chen and Yan-Dong Wang*
Affiliation:
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
Keywords:
Esophageal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, nuclear receptors, orphan receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, vitamin D receptor, farnesol X receptor, androgen receptor.
Abstract:
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC), including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
(ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), is a highly prevalent malignancy that occurs
predominantly in the Asian region and is related to ethnicity, genetics, diet, and lifestyle. The nuclear
receptor (NR) superfamily consists of 48 members of the human body. It is a collection of a
large class of transcription factors, including Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs),
Farnesol X receptor (FXR), Vitamin D receptor (VDR), Retinoic acid receptor (RAR), Pregnane X
receptor (PXR), Androgen receptor (AR) and so on. Several NRs have been detected as oncogenes
or tumor suppressors in EC progression.
Objectives: NRs are associated with the progression of many cancers, including EC. Some NRs,
such as PPARs and FXR, play an important role in EC. Studying the molecular mechanism of NRs
in EC is helpful for further understanding the development of EC. Preclinical research and development
of small molecule compound drugs targeting NRs have provided new ideas for the potential
targeted therapy of EC.
Methods: This review summarizes the studies on NRs in EC in recent years, mainly including in vitro cell experiments and in vivo animal experiments.
Results: NRs influence EC progress in a variety of ways. They mainly affect the proliferation,
migration and drug resistance of EC cells by affecting key cancer cell signaling pathways. Activation
or inhibition of NRs inhibits or promotes EC progression, depending on EC types and tumor
stages. Preclinical studies mainly focus on the development of small molecule drugs for targeting
NRs (such as PPARγ agonists, PPARδ inhibitors, and FXR agonists), and agonists or inhibitors of
NRs will become a potential therapeutic regimen for EC.
Conclusion: The studies on the roles of NRs in EC have provided a theoretical basis for us to further
understand the pathogenesis of EC and develop potential therapeutic drugs targeting NRs for
the treatment of different diseases.
