Title:Fish Protein Hydrolysates: Bioactive Properties, Encapsulation and New Technologies
for Enhancing Peptides Bioavailability
Volume: 29
Issue: 11
Author(s): Thaysa Fernandes Moya Moreira*, Odinei Hess Gonçalves, Fernanda Vitória Leimann*Ricardo Pereira Ribeiro*
Affiliation:
- Department of Animal Science, Post-Graduation Program of Food Science (PPC), State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo,
5790, CEP 87030-121, Maringá, PR, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology-
Paraná, Campus Campo Mourão (UTFPR-CM), via Rosalina Maria Dos Santos, 1233, CEP 87301-899, Campo Mourão,
PR, Brasil
- Post-graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology-
Paraná, Campus Campo Mourão (UTFPR-CM), via Rosalina Maria Dos Santos, 1233, CEP 87301-899, Campo Mourão,
PR, Brasil
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolônia, 5300-253,
Bragança, Portugal
- Department of Animal Science, Post-Graduation Program of Food Science (PPC), State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo,
5790, CEP 87030-121, Maringá, PR, Brazil
Keywords:
Protein hydrolysates, bioactive compounds, bioactive peptides, hydrophobic amino acids, encapsulation, new technologies.
Abstract: Fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) can be obtained from substrates such as fish muscle, skin, and
wastes and assign value to these fish by-products. Proteolytic enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of these fish substrates'
peptide bonds resulting in smaller peptides that present several bioactive properties. Hydrolysates' bioactive
properties are a function of the fish species used as the substrate, the enzyme selectivity or specificity, pH
and temperature applied in the reaction, etc. Furthermore, many pre-treatment methods are being applied to fish
protein substrates to improve their enzyme susceptibility and increase the number of smaller bioactive peptides.
This review addresses the production of FPHs and the main bioactive properties evaluated recently in the literature
and emphasizes the substrate treatments by high-pressure processing, microwave, ultrasound, and thermal
treatments to achieve better bioactivity making essential amino acids more available in peptides. The bioactive
properties most found in FPHs were antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer, and antihypertensive. These bioactivities
may vary depending on the conditions of hydrolysis, fish species, and fractionation and isolation of specific
peptides.New technologies for the treatment of by-products can reduce process losses and achieve better
results by cleavage of proteins. Conversely, encapsulation and film utilization can improve bioactivity, bioavailability,
and controlled release when applied to foods, resulting in improved health.