Title:Strategies for the Separation and Quantification of Non-Steroidal Anti-
Inflammatory Drugs Using ZIC-HILIC-HPLC with UV Detection
Volume: 18
Issue: 10
Author(s): Ali Amer Waheb, Ashraf S. Rasheed*Mohammed Jasim M. Hassan
Affiliation:
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya Campus, 10071 Baghdad, Iraq
Keywords:
Chain lengths, HPLC, NSAIDs, pharmaceutical, formulation, ZIC-HILIC.
Abstract:
Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used
worldwide for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.
Objective: The article highlights the development of zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid
chromatography (ZIC-HILIC) methods to quantify three NSAIDs as active ingredients in pharmaceutical
formulations simultaneously.
Methods: For NSAIDs analysis, two homemade ZIC-HILIC stationary phases were carried out by
adding sulfobetaine monomers to polystyrene-divinylbenzene particles. The methods were developed
by examining the effect of HILIC mode parameters like the kind of organic modifier (methanol
or acetonitrile), acetonitrile content, pH and concentration of the acetate buffer in the eluent.
Results: The experimental data exhibit the predominant mechanism of NSAIDs with two ZICHILIC
stationary phases. The different chain lengths in the two ZIC-HILIC stationary phases are
employed to investigate NSAIDs retention behaviour. The strategies were evaluated for their
specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. The linear ranges were 0.01-5.0, 0.05-17.5 and
0.12-13.5 μg ml-1, LOD 0.005. 0.015 and 0.046 μg ml-1 and LOQ 0.015, 0.045 and 0.139 μg ml-1
for nimesulide, tenoxicam and diclofenac, respectively.
Conclusion: They represent interactions with three NSAIDs, ZIC-HILIC columns, and mobile
phase in a mixed-mode of hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. In contrast to the ZICHILIC-
1 stationary phase with a shorter chain length, the ZIC-HILIC-4 stationary phase with a
longer chain length exhibited a longer retention time, lower detection and limit of quantitation for
three NSAIDs.The verification findings demonstrate the suitability of the proposed ZIC-HILIC
methods for quantifying NSAIDs in pharmaceutical formulations.
