Title:The Role of Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Current State
of the Art
Volume: 23
Issue: 13
Author(s): Hassan Askari, Sara Shojaei-Zarghani, Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi, Hossein Kargar Jahromi, Payman Raise Abdullahi, Karim Daliri, Amir Tajbakhsh, Leila Rahmati and Ali Reza Safarpour*
Affiliation:
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Keywords:
Inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, crohn's disease, gut, microbiota, pathogenesis, gut dysbiosis.
Abstract: The human microbiome comprises the genomes of the microbiota that live on and within
humans, such as protozoa, archaea, eukaryotes, viruses, and most bacteria. Gastrointestinal disorders
such as inflammatory bowel disease, colon cancer, celiac disease, and irritable bowel syndrome can
all be triggered by a change in gut flora. The alteration of the gut microbiota (also known as "gut
dysbiosis") is affected by host genetics, nutrition, antibiotics, and inflammation, and it is associated
with the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Also, intestinal epithelial dysfunction,
altered autophagy, and immune hyperactivation are frequently detected in individuals with severe
IBD, which may be attributed to impaired miRNA expression functions. While the exact mechanisms
of how Gut Microbiota may cause IBD and intestinal epithelial dysfunction are still debated, recent
data point toward the possibility that hormones, gender and miRNAs expression are modifiable contributors
to IBD. This review summarizes the current evidence for an association between hormones,
gender and miRNAs and Gut Microbiota in IBD and discusses potential mechanisms by which gut
microbiota may impact IBD. The study also outlines critical unanswered topics that need to be solved
to enhance IBD prevention and treatment in people with gut dysbiosis.
