Title:Dietary Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with Celiac Disease
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Author(s): Marah Attallah Al-Majali, Salma Burayzat and Reema F. Tayyem*
Affiliation:
- Department of Human Nutrition,
College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
Keywords:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac disease, gluten-free diet, carbohydrate counting, dietary approach to stop hypertension, HbA1c.
Abstract: Celiac disease is diagnosed more commonly with type 1 diabetes, and the most problematic
aspect for a child with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease is that most GFD foods have a
high glycemic index, while low glycemic index foods are recommended for type 1 diabetes mellitus.
As a result, dietary controls become more difficult. Diet management could improve the elevated
HbA1c levels. The aim of this review is to illustrate the clinical features and diagnostic considerations,
as well as current knowledge of common pathogenic features such as genetics, environmental
risk factors, and the gut microbiome of type 1 diabtes and celiac disease. Also, the importance
of diet management on glycemic control and growth rate in patients with type 1 diabetes
mellitus and celiac disease has been discussed. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were
searched. Reports published from the years 1969 to 2021 focused on the role of type 1 diabetes
mellitus and celiac disease, and examined the types of diet on glycemic control, growth rate, and
quality of life. Only a few studies on the effects of a carbohydrate count gluten-free diet on glycemic
control, growth rate, and quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease
have been conducted. There have been few studies showing that dietary intervention helps to
achieve and maintain normal blood glucose and blood pressure levels, a healthy lipid profile, and a
healthy body weight. Studies stated that a low-carbohydrate diet had the greatest effect on improving
glycemic control and insulin parameters.
