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Current Vascular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-1611
ISSN (Online): 1875-6212

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Review Article

Implications of COVID-19 to Stroke Medicine: An Epidemiological and Pathophysiological Perspective

Author(s): Alan King and Karen M. Doyle*

Volume 20, Issue 4, 2022

Published on: 17 June, 2022

Page: [333 - 340] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1570161120666220428101337

open access plus

Abstract

The neurological complications of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) including stroke have been documented in the recent literature. COVID-19-related inflammation is suggested to contribute to both a hypercoagulable state and haemorrhagic transformation, including in younger individuals.

COVID-19 is associated with a heightened risk of ischaemic stroke. Haemorrhagic stroke in COVID-19 patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) accounts for <1% of stroke cases in the general population but has come to heightened public attention due to the increased risk associated with adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines. However, recent evidence suggests the prevalence of stroke is less in vaccinated individuals than in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. This review evaluates the current evidence of COVID-19-related ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke, with a focus on current epidemiology and inflammatory-linked pathophysiology in the field of vascular neurology and stroke medicine.

Keywords: Ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, COVID-19, inflammation, cerebrovascular disease, hypercoagulable state.

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