Title:The Role of Inflammatory and Cytokine Biomarkers in the Pathogenesis of
Frailty Syndrome
Volume: 22
Issue: 14
Author(s): Rashid Mir*, Chandan K. Jha, Naina Khullar, Mohsin Maqbool, Pradeep K. Dabla, Suruchi Mathur, Amal Moustafa, Uzma A. Faridi, Abdullah Hamadi, Mohammad Muzaffar Mir and Faisel M. Abu Duhier
Affiliation:
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair,
University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
Keywords:
Frailty Syndrome, inflammatory biomarkers, cytokine biomarkers, cytokines, adipocytokines, regulatory T-cells (Tregs), T-cell markers, vitamin D.
Abstract: Frailty is a conglomerated elderly disorder that includes multiple abnormalities, like
anemia, an increased titer of catabolic hormones, and compromised physiology of most of the
body systems. Many studies have established the biomarkers that correlate with physical
function and immune aging; however, people can age differently, so chronological age is not a
sufficient marker of susceptibility to disabilities, morbidities, and mortality. The
pathophysiology of frailty is not clearly understood, but a critical role of enhanced inflammation
in the body is hypothesized. Many factors contribute to the development of frailty syndrome,
such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory markers, inflammatory cytokines, and
secosteroids, like vitamin D. This review aims to highlight the role of inflammatory and cytokine
biomarkers and vitamin D in the pathogenesis of Frailty Syndrome.
