Title:Oxidative Stress: Meeting Multiple Targets in Pathogenesis of Vascular
Endothelial Dysfunction
Volume: 23
Issue: 9
Author(s): Vardan Gupta, Anchal Garg, Ritu Tomar and Mandeep Kumar Arora*
Affiliation:
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun-248009, Uttarakhand, India
Keywords:
ROS generation, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial dysfunction, antioxidants, vasoconstriction, vasodilation.
Abstract: The vascular endothelium is the innermost lining of blood vessels, which maintains vasoconstriction
and vasodilation. Loss of vascular tone is a hallmark for cardiovascular disorders. Numerous
factors, such as over-activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, kinases, growth
factors, etc., play a crucial role in the induction and progression of vascular abrasion. Interestingly,
dysregulation of these pathways either enhances the intensity of oxidative stress, or these pathways
are affected by oxidative stress. Thus, oxidative stress has been considered a key culprit in the progression
of vascular endothelial dysfunction. Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen and nitrogen
species causes abnormal gene expression, alteration in signal transduction, and the activation of
pathways, leading to induction and progression of vascular injury. In addition, numerous antioxidants
have been noted to possess promising therapeutic potential in preventing the development of vascular
endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, we have focused on current perspectives in oxidative stress signalling
to evaluate common biological processes whereby oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the
progression of vascular endothelial dysfunction.
