Title:Penumbra in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Author(s): Yang Yi, Zijia Liu, Meng Wang, Mengting Sun, Xue Jiang, Chen Ma, Fei Xie and Xuemei Ma
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Acute ischemic stroke, ischemic penumbra, biomarker, positron emission tomography, CT Perfusion, cerebral blood flow.
Abstract: Abstract: Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide.
The brain tissue adjacent to the central necrotic core was first defined as ischemic penumbra characterized
by reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) with electrical failure but maintained ionic homeostasis
and transmembrane electrical potential. Since then, the evolving concepts of the ischemic
penumbra have been proposed based on energy metabolism, CBF thresholds, and protein synthesis,
providing insight for the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes
the recent advances in the understanding of ischemic penumbra, from its discovery to the diagnosis
methods based on imaging techniques and biomarkers, finally some of the treatments developed. In
addition, we discussed future perspectives on therapeutic targets beyond the ischemic penumbra to
develop a treatment for acute ischemic stroke.
