Title:Role of Non-Coding RNA of Human Platelet in Cardiovascular Disease
Volume: 29
Issue: 19
Author(s): Angela Inzulza-Tapia and Marcelo Alarcón*
Affiliation:
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de
Talca, Talca, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, University of Talca, 2 Norte685, Talca, Chile
Keywords:
Cardiovascular disease, miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, platelets, circRNA.
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of death in the world. Numerous
genetic studies involving transcriptomic approaches aimed at the detailed understanding
of the disease and the development of new therapeutic strategies have been conducted
over recent years. There has been an increase in research on platelets, which are
implicated in CVD due to their capacity to release regulatory molecules that affect various
pathways. Platelets secrete over 500 various kinds of molecules to plasma including
large amounts of non-coding (nc) RNA (miRNA, lncRNA or circRNA). These ncRNA
correspond to 98% of transcripts that are not translated into proteins as they are important
regulators in physiology and disease. Thus, miRNAs can direct protein complexes to
mRNAs through base-pairing interactions, thus causing translation blockage or/and transcript
degradation. The lncRNAs act via different mechanisms by binding to transcription
factors. Finally, circRNAs act as regulators of miRNAs, interfering with their action.
Alteration in the repertoire and/or the amount of the platelet-secreted ncRNA can trigger
CVD as well as other diseases. NcRNAs can serve as effective biomarkers for the disease
or as therapeutic targets due to their disease involvement. In this review, we will focus
on the most important ncRNAs that are secreted by platelets (9 miRNA, 9 lncRNA
and 5 circRNA), their association with CVD, and the contribution of these ncRNA to
CVD risk to better understand the relation between ncRNA of human platelet and CVD.