Title:Application of Collagen and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regenerative Dentistry
Volume: 17
Issue: 7
Author(s): Mohammad Samiei, Mahdieh Alipour, Khadijeh Khezri, Yalda Rahbar Saadat, Haleh Forouhandeh, Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia, Sepideh Zununi Vahed, Simin Sharifi*Solmaz Maleki Dizaj*
Affiliation:
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Keywords:
Bone, collagen, regeneration, periodontium, temporomandibular joint, mesenchymal stem cells.
Abstract: Collagen is an important macromolecule of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) in bones, teeth,
and temporomandibular joints. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) interact with the components of
the ECM such as collagen, proteoglycans, Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and several proteins on
behalf of variable matrix elasticity and bioactive cues. Synthetic collagen-based biomaterials could
be effective scaffolds for regenerative dentistry applications due to mimicking of host tissues’
ECM. These biomaterials are biocompatible, biodegradable, readily available, and non-toxic to
cells whose capability promotes cellular response and wound healing in the craniofacial region.
Collagen could incorporate other biomolecules to induce mineralization in calcified tissues like
bone and tooth. Moreover, the addition of these molecules or other polymers to collagen-based biomaterials
could enhance mechanical properties, which is important in load-bearing areas such as
the mandible. A literature review was performed via a reliable internet database (mainly PubMed)
based on MeSH keywords. This review first describes the properties of collagen as a key protein in
the structure of hard tissues. Then, it introduces different types of collagens, the correlation between
collagen and MSCs, and the methods used to modify collagen in regenerative dentistry, including
recent progression on the regeneration of periodontium, dentin-pulp complex, and temporomandibular
joint by applying collagen. The prospects and challenges of collagen-based biomaterials
in the craniofacial region are pointd out.