Title:An Overview of Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Volume: 21
Issue: 9
Author(s): Aseem Setia, Jasween Bhatia and Sankha Bhattacharya*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy & Technology Management Shirpur, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra
425405, India
Keywords:
Neurological disease, grey matter, enteroviruses d-68, acute flaccid paralysis, epidemiology, Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Abstract: Acute Flaccid Myelitis is defined by the presence of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) and
a spinal cord lesion on magnetic resonance imaging that is primarily limited to the grey matter.
AFM is a difficult situation to deal with when you have a neurologic illness. According to the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a large number of cases were discovered in the
United States in 2014, with 90% of cases occurring in children. Although the exact cause of AFM
is unknown, mounting evidence suggests a link between AFM and enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). In
2014, an outbreak of AFM was discovered in the United States. The condition was initially linked
to polioviruses; however, it was later found that the viruses were caused by non-polioviruses Enteroviruses
D-68 (EV-D68). The number of cases has increased since 2014, and the disease has
been declared pandemic in the United States. The sudden onset of muscle weakness, usually in an
arm or leg, as well as pain throughout the body, the change in patient's facial expression (facial
weakness), and shortness of breath, ingesting, and speaking are all common symptoms in patients
suffering from neurologic disease. This article includes graphic and histogram representations of reported
AFM incidents and criteria for causality, epidemiology, various diagnostic approaches,
signs and symptoms, and various investigational guidelines. It also includes key statements about
recent clinical findings related to AFM disease.
