Title:The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity
Volume: 18
Issue: 7
Author(s): Rafia Mehjabeen Smita, Anik Prasad Roy Shuvo, Sabbir Raihan, Rajib Jahan, Faria Anjum Simin, Ashiqur Rahman, Soumick Biswas, Liyad Salem and Md. Abu Taher Sagor*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Keywords:
Minerals, minerals deficiency, insulin resistance, obesity, thyroid hormone, diet.
Abstract: Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are
responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy
metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency
in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout
the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral
deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses
on another, more “less discussed” form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution
to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication
but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral
insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes,
and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and
various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies
and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR
and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration,
and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that
may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect
mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities,
such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide,
and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.
