Title:Parvovirus B19 Seroprevalence in Women with Bad Obstetric History in
Kirkuk
Volume: 20
Issue: 4
Author(s): Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai*, Hala Majeed Hassan, Mohamed Almoustafa Alsamarai and Zainab Khalil Aljumaili
Affiliation:
- College of Medicine,Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
Keywords:
Parvovirus B19, abortion, congenital anomalies, crowding index, education, housewife.
Abstract: Background: In the Iraqi community, abnormal pregnancy forms a major social and psychological
health problem. The underlying etiology of this health phenomenon was varied and included
sets of infections and autoimmune diseases. Globally human parvovirus 19 infection is common
and the infection attributes to bad obstetric outcomes. The global maternal parvovirus B19 remote
infection rate was within a range of 13.2% to 97.9%, while the range of acute infection was
between 0.5% to 97.9%. In Arab countries, the IgG seroprevalence was from 53.3% to 74%, while
IgM seroprevalence range was 2.2% to 84%.
Objective: To evaluate the role of ParvovirusB19 as an etiology of bad obstetric outcome in women
in Kirkuk, Iraq.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive Case Control Study. Women included in the study were recruited
from Kirkuk General Hospital and their age ranged from 14 to 48 years. A total of 663 women
were included in the study, of them 237 were not pregnant, while 215 were pregnant. Additionally,
the study included 211 women with inevitable abortion. Control group (306 women) women
with a history of normal pregnancy included (Pregnant= 149; non-pregnant= 157). Clinical and laboratory
investigations were conducted on all patients and control groups to exclude other causes.
Medical and obstetric data and demographic characteristics were gathered through interviews according
to a previously designed questionnaire. ELISA kits were used to determine Parvovirus B19
IgM and IgG antibodies.
Results: The overall parvovirus seroprevalence was 93% and with no significant difference between
women with normal (89.5%) and those with abnormal (93.1%) pregnancy outcomes. In addition,
parvovirus IgM overall seroprevalence was at56.3%. Furthermore, current parvovirus infection
was higher in women with BOH (52.6%) than that in women with normal pregnancy (49.7%)
outcomes. Parvovirus IgM seroprevalence was 52.6% in women with BOH and 49.7% in women
with normal pregnancy, however, the difference was not statistically significant. In contrast, the
acute infection with parvovirus was significantly (X2=11.8, P=0.001) lower in women with normal
pregnancy (49.7%) than in those with inevitable abortion (64.9%). While the IgG seroprevalence
difference was not significant between the two groups, infection seroprevalence was more frequent
in housewives, uneducated women, large families, non-smokers, in rural areas, non-animal exposure
areas, women with repeated abortion, congenital anomalies and anaemia.
Conclusion: Parvovirus B19 infection may be with bad obstetric outcomes if occurred during pregnancy
and OR confirmed a significant association of the infection with parvovirus with smoking,
occupation, crowding index, education, animal exposure and the number of repeated abortion.
