Title:Chloro-s-triazines-toxicokinetic, Toxicodynamic, Human Exposure, and Regulatory Considerations
Volume: 22
Issue: 8
Author(s): Khaled Abass*, Olavi Pelkonen and Arja Rautio
Affiliation:
- Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 7300, FI-90014,Finland
Keywords:
Chloro-s-triazines, biotransformation, metabolites, toxicity, human exposure, regulatory guidance.
Abstract: Chloro-s-triazines-atrazine, cyanazine, propazine, simazine, and terbuthylazine-are structurally similar
herbicides, differing only in specific s-triazine4-and 6-N alkyl substituents. It is generally regarded that their toxicokinetics,
such as, metabolic pathways, biological effects and toxicities, also share more similar features than the
differences. Consequently, it is useful to compare their characteristics to potentially find useful structure-activity
relationships or other similarities or differences regarding different active compounds, their metabolites, and biological
effects including toxic outcomes. The ultimate goal of these exercises is to apply the summarized knowledge-as
far as it is possible regarding a patchy and often inadequate database-to cross the in vitro-in vivo and animal-human
borders and integrate the available data to enhance toxicological risk assessment for the benefit of humans and ecosystems.
