Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Molecular Pharmacology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1874-4672
ISSN (Online): 1874-4702

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
General Research Article

Assessment of Antioxidant Effect of Beta-Glucan on the Whole Blood Oxidative DNA Damage with the Comet Assay in Colorectal Cancer

Author(s): Necla Benlier, Nilay Uçar, Eda Öğüt, Havva Yeşil Çinkir, Mustafa Yildirim, Pınar Günel Karadeniz, Esra Küpeli Akkol*, Haroon Khan and Eyüp Ilker Saygili*

Volume 15, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 19 February, 2021

Article ID: e180322191609 Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210219145445

Price: $65

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant effect of beta-glucan on oxidative DNA damage by comet assay.

Methods: A total of 19 adult females and males diagnosed with stage 3-4 colorectal cancer and a control group of 20 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Blood samples of the participants were analyzed using Comet Assay for the parameters of DNA damage.

Results: Significantly increased DNA damage was observed in patients versus the control group as indicated by greater values of tail moment, tail percent DNA and tail length. Following incubation with β-glucan, a substantial reduction was found in the aforementioned parameters of DNA damage. Comet assay revealed significant levels of endogenous DNA damage in patients as shown by remarkable increases in the tail moment, the percentage of DNA in the tail and the tail length values, in comparison with the control group. Following treatment of fresh whole blood with β-glucan incubation, DNA damages were significantly reduced, but lower values were observed after β-glucan incubation in the patient group versus control group.

Conclusion: β-Glucan was found to reduce DNA damage substantially in colorectal cancer patients and show antimutagenic effects. Our results suggested that dietary β-glucan intake might be important in the genesis of colorectal cancer tumors.

Keywords: Antioxidant effect, beta-glucan, colorectal cancer, comet assay, DNA damage.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Vermeer, N.C.; Snijders, H.S.; Holman, F.A.; Liefers, G.J.; Bastiaannet, E.; van de Velde, C.J.; Peeters, K.C. Colorectal cancer screening: Systematic review of screen-related morbidity and mortality. Cancer Treat. Rev., 2017, 54, 87-98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.02.002] [PMID: 28236723]
[2]
Bray, F.; Ferlay, J.; Soerjomataram, I.; Siegel, R.L.; Torre, L.A.; Jemal, A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin., 2018, 68(6), 394-424.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492] [PMID: 30207593]
[3]
Cao, Y.; Cao, T.; Zhao, W.; He, F.; Lu, Y.; Zhang, G.; Hu, H.; Wang, Z. Expression of B7-H2 on CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer microenvironment and its clinical significance. Int. Immunopharmacol., 2018, 56, 128-134.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.018] [PMID: 29414642]
[4]
Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M.; Mohammadzadeh, A.; Yousefi, B.; Mihanfar, A.; Karimian, A.; Majidinia, M. 53BP1: A key player of DNA damage response with critical functions in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst.), 2019, 73, 110-119.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.11.008] [PMID: 30497961]
[5]
Abel, G.; Czop, J.K. Stimulation of human monocyte beta-glucan receptors by glucan particles induces production of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1992, 14(8), 1363-1373.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0192-0561(92)90007-8] [PMID: 1334474]
[6]
Hong, F.; Yan, J.; Baran, J.T.; Allendorf, D.J.; Hansen, R.D.; Ostroff, G.R.; Xing, P.X.; Cheung, N.K.; Ross, G.D. Mechanism by which orally administered beta-1,3-glucans enhance the tumoricidal activity of antitumor monoclonal antibodies in murine tumor models. J. Immunol., 2004, 173(2), 797-806.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.173.2.797] [PMID: 15240666]
[7]
Lehne, G.; Haneberg, B.; Gaustad, P.; Johansen, P.W.; Preus, H.; Abrahamsen, T.G. Oral administration of a new soluble branched beta-1,3-D-glucan is well tolerated and can lead to increased salivary concentrations of immunoglobulin A in healthy volunteers. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2006, 143(1), 65-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02962.x] [PMID: 16367935]
[8]
Bedirli, A.; Gokahmetoglu, S.; Sakrak, O.; Ersoz, N.; Ayangil, D.; Esin, H. Prevention of intraperitoneal adhesion formation using beta-glucan after ileocolic anastomosis in a rat bacterial peritonitis model. Am. J. Surg., 2003, 185(4), 339-343.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9610(02)01418-6] [PMID: 12657386]
[9]
Chihara, G. Recent progress in immunopharmacology and therapeutic effects of polysaccharides. Dev. Biol. Stand., 1992, 77, 191-197.
[PMID: 1426662]
[10]
Zeković, D.B.; Kwiatkowski, S.; Vrvić, M.M.; Jakovljević, D.; Moran, C.A. Natural and modified (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans in health promotion and disease alleviation. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol., 2005, 25(4), 205-230.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07388550500376166] [PMID: 16419618]
[11]
Kim, H.S.; Hong, J.T.; Kim, Y.; Han, S.B. Stimulatory Effect of β-glucans on Immune Cells. Immune Netw., 2011, 11(4), 191-195.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2011.11.4.191] [PMID: 22039366]
[12]
Salah, A.S.; El Nahas, A.F.; Mahmoud, S. Modulatory effect of different doses of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on the expression of antioxidant, inflammatory, stress and immune-related genes of Oreochromis niloticus challenged with Streptococcus iniae. Fish Shellfish Immunol., 2017, 70, 204-213.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.008] [PMID: 28882806]
[13]
Slamenová, D.; Lábaj, J.; Krizková, L.; Kogan, G.; Sandula, J.; Bresgen, N.; Eckl, P. Protective effects of fungal (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan derivatives against oxidative DNA lesions in V79 hamster lung cells. Cancer Lett., 2003, 198(2), 153-160.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(03)00336-7] [PMID: 12957353]
[14]
Singh, N.P.; McCoy, M.T.; Tice, R.R.; Schneider, E.L. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp. Cell Res., 1988, 175(1), 184-191.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(88)90265-0] [PMID: 3345800]
[15]
Ostling, O.; Johanson, K.J. Microelectrophoretic Study of Radiation-Induced DNA Damages in Individual Mammalian Cells. Microelectrophoretic study of radiation-induced DNA damages in individual mammalian cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1984, 123(1), 291-298.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(84)90411-X] [PMID: 6477583]
[16]
Olive, D.M.; Al-Mufti, S.; Al-Mulla, W.; Khan, M.A.; Pasca, A.; Stanway, G.; Al-Nakib, W. Detection and differentiation of picornaviruses in clinical samples following genomic amplification. J. Gen. Virol., 1990, 71(Pt 9), 2141-2147.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-71-9-2141] [PMID: 2170576]
[17]
Collins, A.R. The comet assay for DNA damage and repair: principles, applications, and limitations. Mol. Biotechnol., 2004, 26(3), 249-261.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/MB:26:3:249] [PMID: 15004294]
[18]
Lankoff, A.; Banasik, A.; Duma, A.; Ochniak, E.; Lisowska, H.; Kuszewski, T.; Góźdź, S.; Wojcik, A. A comet assay study reveals that aluminium induces DNA damage and inhibits the repair of radiation-induced lesions in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Toxicol. Lett., 2006, 161(1), 27-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.07.012] [PMID: 16139969]
[19]
Maluf, S.W.; Passos, D.F.; Bacelar, A.; Speit, G.; Erdtmann, B. Assessment of DNA damage in lymphocytes of workers exposed to X-radiation using the micronucleus test and the comet assay. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2001, 38(4), 311-315.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.10029] [PMID: 11774362]
[20]
Sardaş, S.; Karabiyik, L.; Aygün, N.; Karakaya, A.E. DNA damage evaluated by the alkaline comet assay in lymphocytes of humans anaesthetized with isoflurane. Mutat. Res., 1998, 418(1), 1-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(98)00099-0] [PMID: 9748475]
[21]
Chuang, C.H.; Hu, M.L. Use of whole blood directly for single- cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay in vivo and white blood cells for in vitro assay. Mutat. Res., 2004, 564(1), 75-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.07.013] [PMID: 15474413]
[22]
Al-Salmani, K.; Abbas, H.H.; Schulpen, S.; Karbaschi, M.; Abdalla, I.; Bowman, K.J.; So, K.K.; Evans, M.D.; Jones, G.D.; Godschalk, R.W.; Cooke, M.S. Simplified method for the collection, storage, and comet assay analysis of DNA damage in whole blood. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 2011, 51(3), 719-725.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.020] [PMID: 21658444]
[23]
Al-Amrah, H.J.; Aboznada, O.A.; Alam, M.Z.; ElAssouli, M.Z.; Mujallid, M.I.; ElAssouli, S.M. Genotoxicity of waterpipe smoke in buccal cells and peripheral blood leukocytes as determined by comet assay. Inhal. Toxicol., 2014, 26(14), 891-896.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2014.970787] [PMID: 25357232]
[24]
Ambreen, K.; Khan, F.H.; Bhadauria, S.; Kumar, S. Genotoxicity and oxidative stress in chromium-exposed tannery workers in North India. Toxicol. Ind. Health, 2014, 30(5), 405-414.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233712457447] [PMID: 22933550]
[25]
Noss, I.; Doekes, G.; Thorne, P.S.; Heederik, D.J.; Wouters, I.M. Comparison of the potency of a variety of β-glucans to induce cytokine production in human whole blood. Innate Immun., 2013, 19(1), 10-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425912447129] [PMID: 22653750]
[26]
Angeli, J.P.; Ribeiro, L.R.; Gonzaga, M.L.; Soares, Sde.A.; Ricardo, M.P.; Tsuboy, M.S.; Stidl, R.; Knasmueller, S.; Linhares, R.E.; Mantovani, M.S. Protective effects of beta-glucan extracted from Agaricus brasiliensis against chemically induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Cell Biol. Toxicol., 2006, 22(4), 285-291.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10565-006-0087-z] [PMID: 16802105]
[27]
Mansell, P.W.; Ichinose, H.; Reed, R.J.; Krementz, E.T.; McNamee, R.; Di Luzio, N.R. Macrophage-mediated destruction of human malignant cells in vivo. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1975, 54(3), 571-580.
[PMID: 1123850]
[28]
Gyori, B.M.; Venkatachalam, G.; Thiagarajan, P.S.; Hsu, D.; Clement, M.V. OpenComet: an automated tool for comet assay image analysis. Redox Biol., 2014, 2, 457-465.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.020] [PMID: 24624335]
[29]
Kada, T.; Shimoi, K. Desmutagens and bio-antimutagens-their modes of action. Bioassays, 1987, 7(3), 113-116.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950070305]
[30]
Park, H.S.; Lee, Y.M. [Effect of vitamin C supplementation on blood sugar and antioxidative status in types II diabetes mellitus patients]. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi, 2003, 33(2), 170-178.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.2.170] [PMID: 15314445]
[31]
Ferrari, C.K.; Torres, E.A. Biochemical pharmacology of functional foods and prevention of chronic diseases of aging. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2003, 57(5-6), 251-260.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0753-3322(03)00032-5] [PMID: 12888262]
[32]
Sandvik, A.; Wang, Y.Y.; Morton, H.C.; Aasen, A.O.; Wang, J.E.; Johansen, F.E. Oral and systemic administration of beta-glucan protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced shock and organ injury in rats. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2007, 148(1), 168-177.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03320.x] [PMID: 17349015]
[33]
Vetvicka, V.; Benes, P.; Fusek, M.; Procathepsin, D. Procathepsin D in breast cancer: what do we know? Effects of ribozymes and other inhibitors. Cancer Gene Ther., 2002, 9(10), 854-863.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.cgt.7700508] [PMID: 12224027]
[34]
Brown, G.D.; Gordon, S. Immune recognition of fungal beta-glucans. Cell. Microbiol., 2005, 7(4), 471-479.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00505.x] [PMID: 15760447]
[35]
Li, B.; Allendorf, D.J.; Hansen, R.; Marroquin, J.; Ding, C.; Cramer, D.E.; Yan, J. Yeast beta-glucan amplifies phagocyte killing of iC3b-opsonized tumor cells via complement receptor 3-Syk-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. J. Immunol., 2006, 177(3), 1661-1669.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.3.1661] [PMID: 16849475]
[36]
Yan, J.; Vetvicka, V.; Xia, Y.; Coxon, A.; Carroll, M.C.; Mayadas, T.N.; Ross, G.D. Beta-glucan, a “specific” biologic response modifier that uses antibodies to target tumors for cytotoxic recognition by leukocyte complement receptor type 3 (CD11b/CD18). J. Immunol., 1999, 163(6), 3045-3052.
[PMID: 10477568]
[37]
Patchen, M.L.; MacVittie, T.J. Stimulated hemopoiesis and enhanced survival following glucan treatment in sublethally and lethally irradiated mice. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1985, 7(6), 923-932.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0192-0561(85)90056-6] [PMID: 4077349]
[38]
Hazama, S.; Watanabe, S.; Ohashi, M.; Yagi, M.; Suzuki, M.; Matsuda, K.; Yamamoto, T.; Suga, Y.; Suga, T.; Nakazawa, S.; Oka, M. Efficacy of orally administered superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res., 2009, 29(7), 2611-2617.
[PMID: 19596936]
[39]
Demir, G.; Klein, H.O.; Mandel-Molinas, N.; Tuzuner, N. Beta glucan induces proliferation and activation of monocytes in peripheral blood of patients with advanced breast cancer. Int. Immunopharmacol., 2007, 7(1), 113-116.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2006.08.011] [PMID: 17161824]
[40]
Thomas, M.; Sadjadian, P.; Kollmeier, J.; Lowe, J.; Mattson, P.; Trout, J.R.; Gargano, M.; Patchen, M.L.; Walsh, R.; Beliveau, M.; Marier, J.F.; Bose, N.; Gorden, K.; Schneller, F., III A randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase II study evaluating the efficacy and safety of BTH1677 (1,3-1,6 beta glucan; Imprime PGG) in combination with cetuximab and chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Invest. New Drugs, 2017, 35(3), 345-358.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10637-017-0450-3] [PMID: 28303530]
[41]
Chan, A.S.H.; Jonas, A.B.; Qiu, X.; Ottoson, N.R.; Walsh, R.M.; Gorden, K.B.; Harrison, B.; Maimonis, P.J.; Leonardo, S.M.; Ertelt, K.E.; Danielson, M.E.; Michel, K.S.; Nelson, M.; Graff, J.R.; Patchen, M.L.; Bose, N. Imprime PGG-Mediated Anti-Cancer Immune Activation Requires Immune Complex Formation. PLoS One, 2016, 11(11), e0165909.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165909] [PMID: 27812183]
[42]
Angeli, J.P.; Ribeiro, L.R.; Bellini, M.F.; Mantovani, M.S. Beta-glucan extracted from the medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei prevents the genotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Arch. Toxicol., 2009, 83(1), 81-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-008-0319-5] [PMID: 18528685]
[43]
Bayrak, O.; Turgut, F.; Karatas, O.F.; Cimentepe, E.; Bayrak, R.; Catal, F.; Atis, O.; Akcay, A.; Unal, D. Oral beta-glucan protects kidney against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Am. J. Nephrol., 2008, 28(2), 190-196.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000110087] [PMID: 17960057]
[44]
Zulli, F.; Suter, F.; Biltz, H.; Nissen, H.P. Improving skin function with CM-glucan, a biological response modifier from yeast. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 1998, 20(2), 79-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.1998.171740.x] [PMID: 18505493]
[45]
Sener, G.; Toklu, H.; Ercan, F.; Erkanli, G. Protective effect of beta-glucan against oxidative organ injury in a rat model of sepsis. Int. Immunopharmacol., 2005, 5(9), 1387-1396.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2005.03.007] [PMID: 15953565]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
43
1
Wayfinder Image
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy