Title:Functional Neuroproteomics: An Imperative Approach for Unravelling Protein Implicated Complexities of Brain
Volume: 20
Issue: 7
Author(s): Ibraheem Husain*, Wasim Ahmad*, Abuzer Ali, Laiba Anwar, Sheikh Md Nuruddin, Kamran Ashraf and Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacology, MESCO Institute of Pharmacy, Amroha, Uttar Pradesh,India
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222,Saudi Arabia
Keywords:
Proteome, physiological conditions, neuroproteomics, organelles, functional proteomics, phosphoproteome.
Abstract: A proteome is defined as a comprehensive protein set either of an organ or an organism
at a given time and under specific physiological conditions. Accordingly, the study of the nervous
system’s proteomes is called neuroproteomics. In the neuroproteomics process, various pieces of
the nervous system are “fragmented” to understand the dynamics of each given sub-proteome in a
much better way. Functional proteomics addresses the organisation of proteins into complexes and
the formation of organelles from these multiprotein complexes that control various physiological
processes. Current functional studies of neuroproteomics mainly talk about the synapse structure
and its organisation, the major building site of the neuronal communication channel. The proteomes
of synaptic vesicle, presynaptic terminal, and postsynaptic density, have been examined by
various proteomics techniques. The objectives of functional neuroproteomics are: to solve the proteome
of single neurons or astrocytes grown in cell cultures or from the primary brain cells isolated
from tissues under various conditions, to identify the set of proteins that characterize specific pathogenesis,
or to determine the group of proteins making up postsynaptic or presynaptic densities. It is
usual to solve a particular sub-proteome like the heat-shock response proteome or the proteome responding
to inflammation. Post-translational protein modifications alter their functions and interactions.
The techniques to detect synapse phosphoproteome are available. However, techniques for
the analysis of ubiquitination and sumoylation are under development.
