Title:Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Medication on Pulmonary Function
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Author(s): Alaa M. Hammad*, Walid Al-Qerem, Ameen Alassi and Dana Hyassat
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman,Jordan
Keywords:
Diabetes, FVC, FEV1, HbA1c, T2DM, FEV1.
Abstract:
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition with an impairing
effect on multiple organs. Numerous respiratory disorders have been observed in patients with
T2DM. However, the effect of T2DM on pulmonary function is inconclusive.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the effect of T2DM on respiratory function and the correlation
of glycemic control, diabetes duration and insulin intake.
Methods: 1500 patients were recruited for this study; 560 having T2DM for at least a year were included
in the final data, in addition to 540 healthy volunteers. Forced expiratory volume in one second
(FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF 25-75%), as
well as FEV1/FVC ratio values were measured.
Results: A two-sample t-test showed that z-scores produced by Al-Qerem et al.’s equations for
FEV1, FVC, and FEF 25-75% were significantly lower for the T2DM group than the control group
(p < 0.01). FEV1/FVC ratio in the T2DM group was significantly higher (p < 0.01). Multiple linear
regression analysis found that glycemic control represented by HbA1c as well as disease duration
were negatively associated with the pulmonary function (p < 0.01). However, insulin intake was
found to have no significant correlation with pulmonary function.
Conclusion: T2DM was linked to reduced pulmonary function and was consistent with a restrictive
ventilation pattern. HbA1c, as well as disease duration, were found to be independent risk factors
for reduced pulmonary function.
