Title:In Vitro Anti-proliferative Properties of Flavonoids Isolated from Artocarpus Heterophyllus on Cancer Cell Lines
Volume: 11
Issue: 5
Author(s): Nik Nurul Najihah Nik Mat Daud, Noor Azlina Abu Bakar*Abdi Wira Septama*
Affiliation:
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Jalan Sultan Mahmud 20400, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu,Malaysia
- Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314,Indonesia
Keywords:
Artocarpin, anti-proliferative, cytotoxicity, flavonoid, dyhidromorin, apoptosis.
Abstract:
Artocarpus heterophyllus has been used as a folk medicine. This plant contained a wide
range of flavonoid compounds and possessed several pharmacological properties including anticancer
properties. Chemotherapeutic agent is a major option for cancer treatment. However, it may
lead to tumor relapse. Therefore, it needs to discover an alternative to reduce this limitation using
natural products.
Objective: This study was aimed to determine anti-proliferative activities of isolated compounds
against cancer cell lines. The morphological changes of cancer cell lines after treatment with the
compounds was also evaluated.
Methods: The flavonoid compounds were determined for their cytotoxic activity against leukaemia
HL-60 (CCL-240), colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 (HTB-38), breast adenocarcinoma cancer
MCF-7 (HTB-22), and non-small lung cancer H460 (HTB-177) cell lines using MTT assay.
Hoechst 33342/PI staining assay was used to evaluate the morphological changes, and observed using
a fluorescent microscope.
Results: It showed that amongst compound, artocarpin consistently exhibited strong cytotoxic activity
against H460, HT-29, MCF-7, and HL-60 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 5.07, 5.56,
12.53, and 19.94 μg/mL, respectively. The activity was comparable to the cisplatin as a positive
control. Morphological observations showed the most typical apoptotic morphology of cancer cells
upon treatment with artocarpin and the least typical of apoptotic structure with other compounds.
Conclusion: It can be suggested that A. heterophyllus bioactive compound modulates apoptosis by
the presence of its distinctive, typical forms of morphological changes in treating cancer cells.
Thus, artocarpin compound may provide high potential therapeutic use in chemotherapeutic strategies.
