Title:The Anti-Diabetic Effect of Some Plant Extracts Against Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetes Type 2 in Male Albino Rats
Volume: 21
Issue: 8
Author(s): Heba F. Gomaa*, Imen Ben Abdelmalek and Khaled G. Abdel-Wahhab
Affiliation:
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Sham University, Cairo,Egypt
Keywords:
α-Amylase, Streptozotocin, Diabetes type 2, interleukin-β, insulin, Saussurea, Cinnamon, GC-MS, Reducing power,
cinnamic acid, dehydro costus lactone.
Abstract:
Background: One of the widely spread disorders is Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2
(T2DM). T2DM is attributed to the change in life style and stress. A possible strategy to block dietary
carbohydrate absorption is regulation of postprandial blood glucose level as well, the use of
some natural plant extracts with inhibitory effect against carbohydrate digestive enzymes such as alpha-
amylase and fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. This study was conducted to investigate
the anti-diabetic effect of Cinnamon and Saussurea extract, individually, on blood glucose, lipid
profile, insulin, interleukin1-beta and weight loss in diabetic rats treated with Streptozotocin
(STZ).
Methods: The experiment was performed on 60 Wistar male rats; the experimental study include 6
groups (10 rats each): (I) normal rats, (II) Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats, (III) normal rats
orally received (200 mg/kg/day) Saussurea ethanolic extract (SEE) for consecutive 4 weeks, (IV)
normal rats orally received (100mg/kg/day) Cinnamon aqueous extract (CAE) for consecutive 4
weeks, (V) Streptozotocin –treated rats received SEE orally (200mg /kg/ day) for consecutive 4
weeks, and (VI) Streptozotocin –treated rats received CAE orally (100mg /kg/ day) for consecutive
4 weeks.
Results: The results of the following study revealed that SEE has more anti-diabetic effect against
Streptozotocin treatment than CAE due to the high α-amylase inhibition potential and higher phenolic
content. Also, GC-MS analysis of SEE exhibited higher concentrations of phenolic compounds
such as: dehydrocostus lactone, azuleno, eicosa-pentaenoic acid and linoelaidic acid that revealed
anti-diabetic, anti-lipidemic and anti-inflammatory activities, while CAE showed the presence of
cinnamic and quinic acids. Injection of STZ resulted in a decline in the insulin, high density lipoprotein
and body weight values matched with the increase in glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol,
triglycerides and interleukin1- β (IL-1β). The administration of extracts of SEE and
CAE into STZ-treated rats separately resulted in a decline in the elevated levels of blood glucose,
total cholesterol, triglycerides and improving serum HDL-Cholesterol and body weight.
Conclusion: Both tested herbal extracts performed anti-diabetic effect that mainly could be mechanized
via the α-amylase- inhibitory potentials due to the high phenolic and flavonoids content.
