Title:Impact of Metabolic Surgery on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Mortality: A Review
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Author(s): Ricardo Cohen , Noelia S. Sforza*Romina G. Clemente
Affiliation:
- Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Favaloro Foundation, University Hospital, Buenos Aires,Argentina
Keywords:
Bariatric surgery, metabolic surgery, systematic review, obesity treatment, cardiovascular mortality, type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
Abstract:
Background: The association between obesity and a reduction in life expectancy is well
established, and cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality. Bariatric surgery has long
been established as the most effective and durable intervention for obesity, and is the only intervention
for obesity that consistently improves multiple comorbidities, reduces cardiovascular disease
and long-term mortality. The purpose of this review is to describe the impact of metabolic/bariatric
surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiometabolic parameters, including cardiovascular mortality.
Methods: A systematic literature search of Pubmed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central Register
was performed. We included randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis, case-control trials, and
cohort studies that contain data on reductions in cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular mortality
in subjects who underwent metabolic/bariatric surgery from January 1, 2005 to June 1, 2020.
Conclusion: There is sufficient evidence from randomized controlled trials that metabolic/bariatric
surgery is associated with a significant improvement of all cardiovascular risk factors. Although
studies are showing a reduction of macrovascular events and cardiovascular mortality, these findings
come from observational studies and should be confirmed in randomized clinical trials.
