Everyone knows the future cannot be predicted and yet fortune cookies are
invariably received with pleasant anticipation. In this chapter we review how science
came to terms with uncertainty, through the invention of statistics and probability, but
perhaps more importantly, how this world view was made compatible with the
clockwork universe of Newton. If the changing events of one’s life are treated as being
linear, then response is proportional to stimulus, with perhaps a little error. But the
error in this view is subject to law, and is therefore controllable. The linear world view,
with Normal statistics to explain uncertainty, is the model of reality adopted by most
people, either implicitly or explicitly. It is this world view that promotes the idea that
equality and fairness are not only what is true, but more importantly they are what
ought to be true.
Keywords: Adrian, Drunkard’s walk, Gauss, Handicapping, Linear, Medicine,
Normal statistics, Prediction, Probability, Psychophysics, Scaling, Simple models,
Sociophysics, Uncertainty.
