The composition of bone is a connective tissue of particular cells, fibers, and
ground substance. One of the well known bone diseases, which featured by low bone
mass and bone fragility, is osteoporosis. Nowadays, there is a fast ongoing revolution
in stem cells either derived from blood or tissues postnatally. The present chapter has
provided a principal understanding about the importance of mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) in the management of osteoporosis. This might be attributed to their direct
ability to generate osteoprogenitors and osteoblasts via their influence on
osteoclastogenesis. In addition, the usefulness of the MSCs when combined with
calcium phosphate composite as an osteoinductive material in osteoporosis stem cell
therapy has been described in the current chapter. On the other hand, self-renewal
dental pulp stem cells are now known as being important to the regeneration of dentine.
Development of novel tissue engineering strategies is mainly based on excellent
awareness of the stem cells nature to determine their potentialities. This novel way of
bone disease therapy may provide an innovative generation of new strategies to tackle
bone diseases.
Keywords: Bone, Osteoporosis, Osteoinductive materials, Stem cells.
