Lifestyle diseases, a subset of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a
result of the way we live, work and go about our everyday lives. Over the last several
decades, our diets have become unhealthy, our lifestyles sedentary and many of us still
use tobacco and abuse alcohol. These four risk factors have resulted in an everincreasing
prevalence of five lifestyle diseases; namely obesity, diabetes, cancer,
chronic lung disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). As per the World Health
Organization (WHO), NCDs have become the major contributors to higher morbidity,
mortality and at the same time the single biggest obstacle to development globally.
Furthermore, NCDs continue to increase in virtually every region of the world with the
WHO reporting a higher burden in middle and low-income countries. Health promotion
and preventive health approaches are proven effective strategies in reducing disease
burden with lower costs compared to the cost of NCD treatment. However, NCD
prevention and control cannot be done with diet control and increased physical activity
alone. It requires action at multiple levels with health care providers and governments
as leaders, along with stronger health care systems and multi-stakeholder involvement.
To ensure that the interventions meet set targets; regular reporting, global monitoring
and accountability are important.
Keywords: Alcohol, behavior, cardiovascular disease, cervical cancer, crisis,
DALY, diabetes, diet, disability, exercise, global health, health care, HIV-AIDs,
intervention, IOM, life expectancy, lifestyle diseases, lifestyle, NCD, noncommunicable
diseases, physical activity, physical inactivity, premature death,
smoking, United Nations.
